This research presents a comprehensive Big Data Approach that was utilized to create a Treebank of Informal and Formal Indonesian (TINTA). The study focuses on the dynamic spectrum of language usage in Indonesia. It incorporates extensive data collection, preprocessing, and annotation strategies to construct a dual-tiered corpus encompassing formal and informal linguistic expressions. Through leveraging advanced computational techniques, the creation of TINTA aims to capture the nuanced variations in Indonesian language structures across diverse contexts. This annotated treebank provides a valuable resource for advancing Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications and linguistic research endeavors by facilitating more profound insights into the grammatical intricacies and semantic nuances prevalent in informal and formal Indonesian language.

The performance and longevity of welded structures depend heavily on corrosion resistance, particularly when mild steel is used as the primary material. The paper provides an overview of the investigation of the influence of various welding techniques on the corrosion resistance of mild steel. The study combines mild steel specimens using spot-welding, gas metal arc, and electric arc welding techniques. Electrochemical and immersion testing techniques are used to assess the welded samples' resistance to corrosion. The impact of metal microstructure, welded zone surface characteristics, corrosion rates, and filler material selection on corrosion resistance is examined. The results demonstrate that the choice of welding process has a significant effect on mild steel corrosion resistance. Some techniques have a higher level of corrosion resistance owing to the use of heat. As exposure duration rises, both diluted and concentrated hydrochloric acids cause weight loss in the absence of an inhibitor. The temperature increased over time until 190 minutes, which resulted in a decrease in temperature efficiency. In the impact test, adding 3%, 6%, and 9% of the welded components to the metal alloy increased the impact's energy output from 12.32 J to 12.69 J, 12.99 J, and 13.51 J, respectively. The energy effect of the reinforced mild steel was reduced owing to the brittleness of the welded parts relative to the ductile metal matrix. The composite absorbs impact stresses, and the enhanced weight ratio of the welded mild steel thereby increases its toughness.

Road slope inventory is one part of the integrated activities in a road slope management system, together with inspection, risk assessment, risk level mitigation, road slope database and maintenance. The road slope management system is equipped with a series of inseparable guidelines. Road slope inventory is carried out by collecting road slope data which includes slope geometry and dimensions, slope engineering construction and slopes with failures on a road section. The aim of this research is to identify and analyze the risk level assessment and mitigation of potential slope failures that impact the function of National roads in Morotai Island Regency. This research method includes an inventory of road slopes starting with determining the location, collecting and reviewing secondary data, and identifying the condition of each road slope based on the inventory form. The risk level assessment indicators used in this research include: general site, road slope geometric, slope geology, road slope, road slope engineering construction, condition slope site collapses, road body and shoulder, drainage, instrumentation. This identification was carried out at 10 points that had a slope height greater than 5 m. Based on the research results, it was found that the slope risk level on the national road section in Morotai Island Regency was with the highest risk found on the Daeo/Sangowo – Bere Bere road section (61-021-001-A) with the type of collapse being rock falls and a risk value of 84.9, then the road section with the lowest risk is the Sopi – Wayabula 1 road section (61-0231-001-A) with the type of collapse in the form of rock falls with a risk value of 39.1. The results of the inventory of potential road slope collapses in this research were then visualized through mapping using a Geographic Information System-based application. This will make it easier for stakeholders to make policies in road slope management.

The chemical soil stabilization method is an effort to improve soil bearing capacity according to soil work specifications in construction. The use of conventional stabilization materials, such as cement and lime, is considered environmentally unfriendly. Utilizing by-products from the mining industry becomes an alternative that can be developed in soil improvement efforts. This research aims to examine the influence of nickel slag on the enhancement of soil bearing capacity as observed through its unconfined compressive strength value. In this study, the concentration of added nickel slag as a stabilization material is 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% by dry soil weight. The test specimens used are cylinders with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm. Unconfined compressive strength testing is conducted after the specimens are cured for 14 days. The results of this study indicate that the clay soil used is classified as organic clay with high plasticity based on the USCS classification, with an unconfined compressive strength value of 0.2 kg/cm2. The addition of nickel slag with concentrations of 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% results in respective increases in unconfined compressive strength by 46%, 50%, 68%, and 47%. These findings demonstrate that the optimum nickel slag content of 6% provides the maximum unconfined compressive strength. Therefore, it can be concluded that nickel slag, as a source of silica, has the potential to be used as an alternative material in soft soil improvement.

The implementation of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) in secondary school has important role in scientific and technological advancement of a nation and students are the main receiver of the instruction. This study investigated the students’ interest as an implication of students’ readiness for STEM instruction in Gusau, Zamfara state. The study adopted descriptive survey design. Simple random sampling was used to select 100 students of SS 2 from private and public schools making total of 200 students. An instrument title Senior Secondary School Readiness for STEM Instruction was used to collect data. The instrument was validated and pilot tested which yielded reliability coefficient of 0.86. Three research questions were raised and answered and two hypotheses were stated and tested at 0.05 level of significant. The result of the study showed that senior secondary school students in Gusau, Zamfara state are ready for STEM instruction. There was no significant different between the responses of students based on gender and school type. It was therefore recommended that education stakeholder should expedite the implementation of STEM in senior secondary school to harvest students’ readiness for better achievement.

Humans create an estimated 6.4 trillion litres of pee annually, which is often considered to be waste even though it has the potential to be a large source of liquid fertilizer, power, and other resources that may be used to grow the economy. This article addresses physicochemical properties, energetic value, hydrogen production methodology, socioeconomic uses, and sustainable energy sources for household use that might aid in the urea's conversion into hydrogen molecules at low-cost energy generation. The results of the laboratory examination of the examined urine showed 0.01% magnesium, 0.01% calcium, 0.03% uric acid, 0.04% ammonia, 0.1% sodium, 0.11% creatinine, 0.11% phosphate, 0.16% sulphate, 0.5% potassium, 0.61% chlorine, and 1.82% urea. Urea represents 52% of urine constituents with the highest concentration (1.82%), making it a significant source of clean fuel and the main producer of hydrogen gas. 1.08 g of hydrogen gas was produced from 15 litres of used urinals, and the amounts were 78.9 g, 146.2 g, 218 g, 289 g, and 343.5 g, respectively. In the same amount of time, a generator powered by gasoline consumes more fuel than one powered by hydrogen. Hydrogen burns more effectively than gasoline, using 33KW energy consumption compared to 33.5 MJ for the same amount of 1 kg of gasoline. When used as a generator fuel, Hydrogen is around 15% more efficient than gasoline. Hydrogen is a fully clean source of energy for both the industrial and home markets because its combustion yields solely water vapour.

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) metal oxide nanocomposites are used as high-voltage insulation in AC cables to reduce space charging and other issues. Nanoparticles such as SiO2, MgO, and ZnO are used as fillers in polyethylene matrix to achieve good electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as space charge reduction, increased surface and volume resistance, and high dielectric stress bearing capabilities. LDPE/Al2O3 compounds are prepared at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% for nanofillers and at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% for micro fillers. The dielectric strength of the LDPE/Al2O3 sample was measured at different temperatures to determine the effect of temperature on the dielectric strength value. To check the various properties of the samples, the tensile strength test has been applied. The Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) was used to calculate the optimal Al2O3 filler percentage for the best dielectric strength value.