Hemolytic disease of the fetus & newborn (HDFN) is a disorder where RBCs are destroyed by maternal erythrocyte alloantibodies and there is increased production of unconjugated bilirubin and anemia and in severe cases, hydrops in the fetus. Rh & ABO incompatibility are the most common causes of severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia in newborn babies. Though many treatment options are available for this condition, phototherapy stands first and most important of these all. This article signifies the successful management of OB incompatibility with hemolytic jaundice and clinical sepsis in a term neonate who was successfully managed with phototherapy along with serial BIND (Bilirubin Induced Neurological Dysfunction) scoring rather than going for other treatment options such as intravenous immunoglobulin or exchange transfusion.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease with profound consequence tos for individuals and society. Characterized by persistent joint inflammation and progressive damage, RA leads to physical disabilities, psychological distress, and reduced quality of life. Beyond its impact on individuals, RA imposes a significant societal burden, including increased healthcare expenditures and loss of productivity, resulting in economic challenges. The disease is further complicated by comorbidities such as anemia, cardiovascular disorders, and infections, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach to care. Hematologists play a pivotal role in managing hematological complications and monitoring biomarkers for disease activity. Meanwhile, nursing managers contribute to patient education, adherence to treatment protocols, and coordination of multidisciplinary care. This article examines the wide-ranging impact of RA and explores the roles of hematologists and nursing managers in addressing its multifaceted challenges, offering insights into strategies for improved outcomes and reduced societal burden.

A rare inflammatory disease of the major duodenal papilla, duodenal papillitis is frequently linked to pancreatitis, infections, stones, or other biliary obstructions. This case study focuses on a 62-year-old male with a history of cholelithiasis and benign prostatic hyperplasia who presented with pain in the epigastrium. Radiological imaging revealed an enlarged and oedematous duodenal papilla, which suggested biliary obstruction and duodenal papillitis. The patient was started on intravenous antibiotics and analgesics, following which endoscopic stenting was performed, and the clinical outcome was promising. Due to its overlap with other illnesses, such as cancer of the papilla of Vater, duodenal papillitis can be difficult to diagnose. However, early discovery and suitable imaging are crucial for successful treatment. To differentiate this illness from other potential diseases, imaging methods such as Computerized Tomography scan (CT scan) and MRCP must be used correctly. This case highlights the potential for non-invasive treatments to improve patient outcomes while reducing the need for surgery. It also underscores the importance of combining multiple imaging techniques in diagnosing rare gastrointestinal disorders, which can lead to more accurate and timely management.

A 70-year-old man presented with a late Type Ia endoleak following an endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) procedure for an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) performed at my institution 10 years ago. An additional aortic extension cuff was placed above the previously implanted aortic stent graft using an endovascular approach. Despite this intervention, the Type Ia endoleak persisted, and it was concluded that further endovascular treatments would be insufficient, necessitating surgical repair. The patient subsequently underwent open repair surgery due to the risk of rupture. The procedure involved removal of the stent graft, aneurysmectomy, and replacement with a bifurcated aortoiliac graft. Additionally, a suprapubic femoro-femoral crossover bypass surgery was performed to resolve the intimal damage to the left common iliac artery that occurred during stent graft removal. Open repair offers a definitive solution for complex endoleaks when endovascular methods are ineffective. However, the removal of the stent graft can result in arterial intimal injury, necessitating additional measures such as a suprapubic femoro-femoral crossover bypass to ensure adequate blood flow.

Renal hydatidosis is a rare condition, constituting less than 3% of all hydatid cases. It can mimic common urological conditions, such as staghorn calculi, leading to diagnostic challenges. We present a case of renal hydatidosis initially suspected as a staghorn calculus. A 56-year-old woman presented with a one-year history of progressive right-sided lumbar pain and intermittent hematuria. Imaging revealed a staghorn calculus with significant pelvicalyceal dilation. Laparoscopic surgery for stone removal uncovered multiple calcified hydatid cysts. Postoperative hydatid serology was positive, confirming renal hydatidosis. The patient was treated with albendazole, and a favorable clinical outcome was achieved. This case highlights the importance of considering hydatid disease as a differential diagnosis for renal stones, especially in endemic regions, to ensure appropriate surgical management.

We present the case of a 29-year-old woman with a history of obstructive pyelonephritis who developed a calcified ureteral stent. This rare complication emphasizes the critical need for regular follow-up in patients with indwelling ureteral stents to prevent severe outcomes. The patient’s condition was effectively managed using a combination of endoscopic and surgical techniques, demonstrating a multidisciplinary approach to addressing such complex clinical scenarios. This case not only sheds light on the potential complications associated with ureteral stents but also underscores the importance of early detection and timely intervention to optimize patient outcomes.

Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors that usually arise from cranial and periferal nerves. Pelvic region schwannomas are rare tumors and only a few cases have been reported in literature. Pudendal nerve schwannomas usually present as a cause of ipsilateral scrotal, penile and perineal region pain. We report the case of a 66-year-old man referred for worsening pain of 6 years duration involving the right scrotal and right penile shaft. After a series of repeated scrotal and penile ultrasonographies (USG), lumbar and brain magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and also blood tests, MR imaging of the pelvic region detected a well-circumscribed small pelvic wall tumor on the pathway of pudendal nerve. Based on the location, imaging characteristics and comparing to the cases reported in literature, we considered this tumor as a pudendal schwannoma. The most commonly described surgical approach for pelvic schwannomas has been open median laparotomy with transperitoneal dissection. The patient refused surgery, for this reason for treatment and control of the pain he underwent nerve block at anesthesiology clinic. At the 4-week follow-up, the patient described a significant decrease in pain.