The present researchers used the 16 letters from 497th letter to 512th letter of Tcheonzamun, the Thousand Character Essay. And the translation was through the meaning of Chinese characters. 497-500 Ho Bong Pal Hyeon 戶封八縣 If I close one of my doors(戶), I can not see(封) all of the world outside(八縣). 501-504 Ka Geub Tcheon Byeong 家給千兵On the contrary, if I open the door, I(家) can become(給) the friend of all of man or of woman(千兵). 505-508 Ko Gwan Bae Lyeon 高冠陪輦 Some of them like learning, and then they become the service man and woman(高冠) working(陪) in the palace(輦). 509-512 Ku Gog Zin Yeong 驅(穀-禾+車)振纓 And others love(振) to labor physical works(纓), and then they work in the field of handling horses(驅[穀-禾+車]). This poem seems to show that the attitude for world is very important.

This paper is trying to introduce a new concept in public administration which research shows is not effectively implemented in most countries where extreme poverty is endemic including Nigeria. The concept is known as “Effective Basic Public Management” which is the auto-pilot on which governments are run in developed societies. Nigerian public managers do not understand that the basic functions of government have to be performed on a daily basis just as they run their various families which are the nucleus of the larger society. Many reasons have been attributed to for Nigeria’s lingering administrative failure in all ramifications since independence in 1960 but it all points to one thing, poor and unpatriotic leadership which have simply ignored the rudiments of effective basic public management as practiced in developed countries. The paper is in two parts, part one discusses effective basic public management and strong institutions and how they are created, while part two defines the concept of basic public management and other related issues including maintenance.

The causes of fatigue vary widely which are influenced by workload, work environment, physical problems and health conditions. It can also be influenced by individual factors such as age, health status, nutritional status, diet, and gender. More than 65% of workers in Indonesia come to company polyclinics complaining of work fatigue. This study aims to analyze how much influence age and workload on the fatigue of porters in Paotere Port, Makassar City. This research is an analytic observational study with cross sectional design, the sample of porters with a total sample of 42 respondents using purposive sampling technique. Data obtained using a questionnaire, measuring the workload of porters. The statistical test used was chi square. The results showed that the independent variables associated with work fatigue (p <0.05) were age (p = 0.015) and workload (p = 0.036). The manager should place porters with the age and workload according to their respective abilities.

The Chinese government has implemented the comprehensive two-child policy in 2016, but can this policy really improve the financial sustainability of individual accounts in China’s basic pension? This research designs five possible schemes of China’s total fertility rate affected by the comprehensive two-child policy to explore the impact of the policy on the financial status of individual accounts of China’s basic pension. The results show that (1) the impact of the comprehensive two-child policy on the financial status of individual accounts has a time lag, and the earliest year that the policy works is 2041. (2) On the whole, if the comprehensive two-child policy increases China’s future total fertility rate, this policy will help improve the sustainable operation ability of individual accounts in most years of the forecast period. And the mode of increasing the total fertility rate under the middle level scheme will help improve the sustainable operation ability of individual accounts in the years after the policy works.

This article attempts to examine the pre-and-post migration poverty and non-poverty status of returned migrants in a village of Bangladesh and underlines the factors that shape those statuses. It finds that out of forty-two migrants who returned mostly from Malaysia, twenty-two were poor before their migration, ten were from the lower middle class and the remaining ten were from middle class background. A substantial number of twenty-two poor migrants have been able to increase their household resources and have moved out from poverty. Furthermore, the majority of lower middle class and middle class migrants have plused extra resources with their pre-migration household resources and thereby have led an improved livelihood compared to that in their pre-migration period. The study also finds that upon returning home, a portion of migrant households from all classes has experienced a decrease in resources and is now living in a ‘stressful economy’. In order to evaluate the impacts of migration and remittances on the poverty situation of returned migrants, and to find out the underlying factors behind this, the present study conducted a baseline survey on 371 households, collected personal narratives from all returned migrants and interviewed ten key informants through in-depth interview, as a qualitative data collection method. To analyze and interpret the information on subjective judgements of migrants on their pre-and-post migration periods ‘narrative analysis’ method is used throughout the article.

The study sought to find out the effectiveness of psychological interventions provided to rape survivors in selected post-rape care centres in Nairobi and Uasin-Gishu Counties in Kenya. The study was guided by the Crisis theory by Caplan. The study utilized a descriptive survey research design. The target population included rape survivors aged 10-45 years who had attended at least three psychological interventions while the key informants were the counsellors in these centres. Purposive sampling was used to obtain a sample of 44 rape survivors and 9 key informants from the two selected post-rape care centres. Consent forms were issued to the adult participants (18 years and above) to sign. The participants (aged 10-17years) were given assent forms after they were made to understand about the purpose of the research in the presence of their parents or guardians. The data was collected by use of structured questionnaires developed by the researcher. The researcher assisted the primary school children and illiterate participants using Kiswahili translation. The data collected was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Most of the rape survivors were given individual counselling, group counselling, follow-up counselling and support group. Only 63.6% received legal services. The findings revealed that psychological interventions were generally effective. The combined perceived usefulness of psychological interventions was relatively high (M=3.3). There was also a significant reduction of combined mean of psychological effects (M= 3.7) before treatment compared to after treatment (M=1.5), and a statistical significant difference between the mean severity level of the psychological effects experienced before treatment (M =3.742, SD=1.2777) compared to after treatment (M=1.513, SD=0.4958). The study thus concluded that there was significant reduction of psychological effects after treatment. Based on the study findings and conclusion, it is recommended that, to improve the overall effectiveness of psychological interventions provided to rape survivors in post-rape-care centres, there should be a review of the interventions provided to ensure adequate provision especially of the legal services, follow-up and family counselling.

Generally, most wanted to give what’s best. People on the other hand have tried killing, stealing, lying, and committing other sins. Some are considered to be forgivable and some are not. Quantitative methodology and/or qualitative methodology could be used. The author used essays.