Abstract: French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that there are many differences between China and Korea. For example, the language, and the culture, and the origin of the race. Dallet (1874) introduced Tcheonzamun (in English it is ‘the thousand character essay’) to the Western world. The thousand character essay is called in Korea as ‘Tcheonzamun (千字文)’. The meaning of Tcheonzamun is the thousand (千) character (字) essay(文). The thousand character essay is called in Korea as Tcheonzamun. This translating study was done for the Tcheonzamun poem of (Tcheonzamun 209th-224th). The title of this study is ‘My husband! Do you want your voice (聲) would be well heard (傳) to other person? (Tcheonzamun 209th-224th)’. <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation shown in Korean language on English alphabet)>. 209-212 德(Deog) 建(Geon) 名(Myeong) 立(Lib). My husband! Do you want to be (建) a virtuous (德) man in order for your name (名) to be famous (立)? My husband! Do you think that it is good? However, I (your wife) think that this way of thinking is too short-sighted. Let’s hear the voice of the second line (213-216) of this poem! Let’s consider this line in the grammatical view. If we suppose ‘德(Deog) 建(Geon) 名(Myeong) 立(Lib)’ were A B C D, the translating order will be C D A B. And the translating order of this first line (209-212) is similar to Korean grammar. 213-216 形(Hyeong) 端(Dan) 表(Pyo) 正(Zeong). My husband! Do you wish your behavior (表) were just (正)? Please concentrate all of parts of your mind (形) into one point or one goal (端)! My husband! With this sincere and careful preparation, eventually the good performance of behavior will be appeared. If we suppose that ‘形(Hyeong) 端(Dan) 表(Pyo) 正(Zeong)’ were A B C D, the translating order will be C D A B. And the translating order of this second line (213-216) is similar to Korean grammar. 217-220 空(Kong) 谷(Gog) 傳(Zeon) 聲(Seong). My husband! Do you want your voice (聲) would be well heard (傳) to other person? Please say your words in the vacant (空) cave (谷). My husband! I will say to you my thought. There must not be any barrier in order for your saying to arrive to the mind of other people!

Quality culture is one of the basic requirements for the sustainable development of the education sector, which is of special interest to management levels and educational institutions and has many plans to build and develop. This study aims to explore the role and impact of management activities in building quality culture at Phu Nhuan High School, pointing out the advantages, limitations, and causes of those limitations. Based on the study of theoretical issues related to quality culture in schools, surveying and evaluating the current status of building quality culture at Phu Nhuan High School, Phu Nhuan District, Ho Chi Minh City, this study proposes management solutions to building quality culture activities at Phu Nhuan High School, Phu Nhuan district, Ho Chi Minh City to achieve good results, contributing to comprehensive innovation in education, enhancing the reputation of the school in society.

The Research consisted of four chapters, the first of which included the research problem, its importance and the need for it. The goal was to identify the Personal Dimensions of Kindergarten Teachers and their Reflections on Teaching Art Education. The research boundaries were (2024-2025). The chapter concluded with a definition of terms, then the second chapter represented the theoretical framework, and was divided into three sections. The first was entitled the kindergarten stage and its impact on the development of the child’s future personality, the second section was entitled art education and the child, while the third research was entitled preparing art education teachers in kindergartens. Then the chapter concluded with indicators of the theoretical framework, and after that the third chapter came represented by the research procedures consisting of the research community and the sample, which numbered (17) models and was taken randomly. The research methodology was the survey methodology, and the research tool came in the form of a closed and open questionnaire, and it was subjected to validity and reliability to reach the statistical analysis of the sample. The last chapter, represented by the fourth chapter, included an analysis of the results, including: that most kindergarten teachers intervene with children's drawings, and then the conclusions, including: Most of the art education teachers in kindergartens are old, do not wear bright colors, and do not have academic degrees in the arts, which constitutes a lack of integration in the dimensions of their personalities. Finally, the research concluded with recommendations, suggestions, and a list of sources.

The purpose of this study is to explore the basic contents of financial management of investment projects under the public-private partnership model according to the provisions of Vietnamese law. To achieve this purpose, this study conducts a survey and assessment of several Vietnamese laws regulating the financial management of investment projects under the public-private partnership model; at the same time, semi-structured interviews are conducted with 13 people who are directly involved in financial management activities in several enterprises with public-private partnerships. The results show that the provisions of the law still reveal some limitations that need to be further improved. Based on the assessment of the current situation and based on some comments and assessments of some stakeholders, this study recommends some solutions to improve the law on the financial management of investment projects under the public-private partnership method in the future to improve the use of investment capital in the future.

The name Zanzibar refers to a group of islands located near Oman or Tanzania in East Africa. The ancient Greeks and Romans called it "Máthos" as they had commercial connections with the region. Zanzibar enjoyed autonomous authority over the Indian Ocean. During the Age of Exploration, the Portuguese Empire became the first European power to take control of Zanzibar, ruling for 200 years. Under their rule, trade, economy, and agriculture developed, particularly the cultivation of spices, cloves, and garlic. This earned Zanzibar the metaphorical title of the "Spice Islands," competing with the Dutch-colonized Maluku Islands in Indonesia. Additionally, Zanzibar was a major hub for the ivory trade, with elephant tusks sourced from mainland Africa. The third key trade sector was the slave trade, as thousands of individuals from neighboring regions were captured and sold into slavery on the island. Zanzibar, like other African ports, became a primary destination for slave traders from Europe and America, further enhancing its role in the Arab-dominated slave trade. The Indian Ocean was comparable in significance to the transatlantic triangular trade between Europe, America, and Africa. Furthermore, the Sultan of Zanzibar controlled a large portion of East Africa’s coastline, known as the Swahili Coast, along with extensive inland trade routes.

French Missionary Dallet (1874) wrote that Tcheonzamun (‘the thousand character essay’ in English) was utilized in ancient China. This Tcheonzamun (千字文) book was used for children’s education for Chinese character, and it was used both in China and in Korea (Dallet, 1874). This work concerns the translation of a Tcheonzamun poem (Tcheonzamun 193rd-208th). And this study was done in order to translate a Tcheonzamun poem. The range of this study is (Tcheonzamun 193rd-208th). The title of this study is ‘To think might not be a great thing. However, if you think (念) “I can!”(克), you will be able to become (作) the wonderful man (聖)! (Tcheonzamun 193rd-208th)’. The next is the result of this translating work on the poem of (Tcheonzamun 193rd-208th). <Number in Tcheonzamun. Chinese character (Pronunciation shown in Korean language on English alphabet)> 193-196 墨(Mug) 悲(Bi) 絲(Sa) 染(Yeom). My husband! Do you want to rest calmly (悲) when you write the Chinese characters with the traditional black ink (墨)? My husband! During the writing on the paper, you are afraid of being dirty (染) of clothes (絲) with the black ink. 197-200 詩(Si) 讚(Tchan) 羔(Ko) 羊(Yang). My husband! On the contrary to your awkward attitude, the content of your writing (詩) is very active. My husband! Your writing shows (讚) the joyful playing of lamb (羔) and the pleasant step of sheep (羊). 201-204 景(Gyeong) 行(Haeng) 維(Yu) 賢(Hyeon). (This is the third line. And this line expresses the appearance of sheep (羊) style of the second line.) My husband! To have a trip (行) and to travel (景) is good for maintaining (維) your intelligence (賢). 205-208 克(Keug) 念(Nyeom) 作(Zag) 聖(Seong). (This is the fourth line. This line shows the behavior of lamb (羔) style of the second line.) My husband! To think might not be a great thing. However, if you think (念) “I can!”(克), you will be able to become (作) the wonderful man (聖)!.

Nigeria has increasingly become a theatre of violent conflicts especially that of herders and farmers with spiralling toll on human lives and property. This conflict occasioned largely by global climatic changes that has affected the environmental resources renewability that sustain human beings. The perennial herders and farmers conflicts have attracted large scholarly researches. Despite this scholarly research outcomes, there is a notable research gap on climate change and violent crime. This empirical study aims to address this gap. The objectives include to examine the link between climate change and the recurring conflicts as well as to interrogate how climate change induced conflicts result in violent crime in Nigeria. The Eco-violence theory guided the study. The study employed content analysis to analyse the nexuses between climate change, conflict and violent crimes. The findings revealed that changes in the global environmental composition – drought, desertification, reduction in rainfall, flooding, erosion, reduced land for farming and grazing- are responsible for environmental resource-scarcity that result in the skirmishes between herders and farmers. The study also found that this conflict has overtime assumed violent dimension which has led to the loss of lives and destruction of property. The violence is further exacerbated by the deployment of firearms by the herders. The recommendations include. The study recommends the supply of grasses to herders in their homes at a subsidized rate through a public/private partnership, as this will reduce the migration of herders from far north down south, and also reduce incidences of violent conflict and violent crimes.