Hyperlipidemia is a disease portrayed by an extension, in any incident, one of the plasma lipids, including triglycerides, cholesterol, cholesterol esters just as plasma lipoproteins including outstandingly low thickness and low thickness lipoproteins close by diminished high thickness lipoproteins levels. This stature of plasma lipids is among the leading risk factors related to cardiovascular illnesses. The present review focuses on the sorts of hyperlipidemia, lipid processing, the pathophysiology of hyperlipidemia, treatment frameworks for raised lipid profiles. In the interim statins and fibrates remain the major antihyperlipidemic administrators for the treatment. The fortune spot of the plant domain has different plants to treat this ailment. The indigenous course of action of the drug gives bountiful data about plants available for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. The review also lightens the role of nutraceuticals in hyperlipidemia therapy. The search was performed in PubMed, PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus, and Medline databases. A quality assessment yielded a total of 60 papers to be considered for the review by using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria.

It has been used as a drug since the 1960s and is listed on the World Health Organization (WHO) Model List of Essential Medicines as an antidote in poisonings. There are numerous other uses or proposed uses in medicine that are still in preclinical and clinical investigations. NAC is also used in food supplements and cosmetics. It is often used to treat an overdose of the L-amino acid molecule, which is acylated to N-acetylserotonin. Several scientific studies show that supplementation of N-acetylenene improves clinical trials show that it may help to stop exacerbation of COPD and delay or slow down the onset of contrast-induced kidney problems and help with the management of pulmonary fibrosis until it is diagnosed, as well. N-Cysteine can be used to treat H. pylori and H. pylori-align prevention in cancer treatment in patients receiving gentamicin adenoids for the prevention of hearing loss due to gentamicin dopamine administration in patients doing dialysis.

Superporous hydrogels (SPHs) is originally developed as a novel drug delivery system to retain drugs in the gastric medium by instant swelling on water absorption through open porous structure and maintain their integrity in that harsh environment. These materials can be synthesized to respond to a number of physiological stimuli present in the body, such as PH, ionic strength, temperature. Hydrogels are a unique class of three dimensional cross-linked polymeric networks that can hold a large fraction of aqueous solvents and biological fluids within their structures. Nowadays, hydrogels have attracted a growing interest of many scientists in different fields of research. Intelligent hydrogels have found a significant role in a wide variety of applications such as drug delivery systems, tissue engineering, optics, diagnostics and imaging. The purpose of this paper is to present a brief review on the basis concept of hydrogels, the description about classification, synthesis methods, stimulation situations, relevant mechanisms, and applications. It also involved technologies adopted for hydrogel production together with process design implications, block diagrams, and optimized conditions of the preparation process. An innovated category of recent generations of hydrogel materials was also presented in some details. The formulations obeyed Higuchi and Korsmeyer- Peppas kinetics of drug release. For further confirmation, the data were fitted to the Kopcha model to get the evidence of drug release by the combination of diffusion-controlled and chain relaxation–swelling mechanism. However, the diffusion mechanism predominated the process leading to quasi diffusion and anomalous diffusion mechanism.

Triazines are a diverse class of compounds that possess three consecutively bonded nitrogen atoms. Triazenes have been utilized in a variety of research areas. In organic synthesis, they have been used as protecting groups for aromatic amines, as linkers in solid-phase peptide synthesis and as synthons for novel heterocyclic compounds. In the present research work, we synthesized a series of novel Benzothiazole derivatives and Triazene derivatives by using some sulfa drugs. The Benzothiazole derivatives such as substituted 2-amino benzothiazole synthesized by a different procedure in which some sulfa drugs were reacted with ammonium thiocynate and prepared substituted phenylthiourea. The cyclization of substituted phenylthiourea prepared in the presence of bromine solution with chloroform and then prepared Benzothiazole nucleus. Triazene derivatives such as substituted 4-[1(E)-3,3 dimethyl-1-triazen-1-yl] synthesized by a different procedure in which some sulfa drugs were reacted with dimethylamine in presence of 6M HCl and NaNO2 and then prepared substituted 3,3 dimethyl-1-triazen-1-yl. These compounds were screened for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced paw oedema method in rats at a dose of 10 mg/kg body weight.

Vegetables are major sources of vitamins, minerals and bioactive components such phytochemicals and antioxidant that help in reducing the risk of diseases. The aim of the study was to determine the proximate composition, phytochemical screening and mineral composition of Amaranthus spp. leaf extract. The proximate composition and phytochemical screening were determined using conventional laboratory methods while the mineral composition of the leaves was determines using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The proximate analysis of the leaf extract showed that it contains carbohydrate (48.6%), protein (18.2%), fats (5.4%), crude fibre (10.6%), moisture content (8.3%) and ash content (13.3%). The preliminary phytochemical screening of Amaranthus spp. leaf extract revealed the presence of Alkaloid, terpenoid, flavonoids, steroid, phenol, saponins and tannin. Quantitative phytochemical analysis of the extract showed that the flavonoids is the most abundant constituent in making about 11.6%, followed by steroid, alkaloid and phenol constituting 4.3%, 3.6% and 3.1% respectively. The mineral analysis of the extract indicate the presence of calcium (68.5 mg/100g), potassium (67 mg/100g), magnesium (89.8 mg/100g), phosphorous (62.5 mg/100g), zinc (8.0 mg/100g), iron (15.8 mg/100g) and copper (6.2 mg/100g). From the findings of this study, it is concluded that Amaranthus spp. leaf has therapeutic potential and can be used dietary supplements.

Background: Tramadol is a weak opioid analgesic, which is generally considered to be safe with huge potentials of misuse. This study aims to assess the effect of tramadol in patients with long-term tramadol abuse regarding sexual function. Methods: The participants of the study were recruited from Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital Kware, Sokoto State, Nigeria. 50 individuals with a history of tramadol abuse were included. They were assessed clinically, sexuality scale, and sexual quality of life questionnaire-male version. They were compared with a control group of 48 individuals with no history of drug abuse. Results: All the aspects of quality of sexual life were significantly better in the control group than the tramadol abuse group. Conclusion: Individual with tramadol misuse are more likely to experience poor quality of sexual life compared to healthy controls.

The phenology, morphology and biomass production of six velvet bean (M. melanocarpa) accession were evaluated at Bambasi Medicinal Plants Field Gen Banks. The time from seeding to first floral buds ranged from 83-135 days, to first blooms 109-149 days, and to first pods 109-160 days. The six accessions initiated blooming in a certain order, which could be described by calendar days. Five accessions had an indeterminate flowering habit, while one was determinate. Accession number DM00102, DM00103 and DM00105 produced the most biomass and accession DM00101 the least. The petiole constitutes 14% to 23% of total leaf weight. Leaf weight at bloom accounted for 81% of above-ground plant weight in indeterminate accessions, and 69% in determinate accessions. The period from first bloom to first pods spanned 8 weeks. Differences in velvet bean growth habits may be used to stag per planting dates of other crops. Growers may implement a strategy of “one time planting” of several velvet bean lines of various maturation rates each on a fraction of their acreage.