In the study of prophetic literature, there are three important aspects, namely aspects of humanization, liberation, and transcendence that appear in literary works. These three aspects, which are the pillars of prophetic values, are found in most of the works of Kuntowijoyo, a Muslim scholar, historian, and writer who is also the initiator of prophetic literature. This research focuses on the humanization and transcendence aspects in a collection of short stories Persekongkolan Ahli Makrifat by Kuntowijoyo. The research uses a qualitative method with descriptive analysis. The data analysed and described by the content of the prophetic aspects that become the focus of this research. The data were collected by recording sentences from some of the short stories in the short story collection book Persekongkolan Ahli Makrifat. The Data analysed and interpreted based on Kuntowijoyo's prophetic literary theory. This research found that in the short story collection Persekongkolan Ahli Makrifat, there are two prophetic aspects that have powerful messages. These aspects represent a prophetic message about the importance of realizing the balance between divine consciousness and human consciousness in life.

Prophetic, which initially only targeted literary works, developed into an attitude for other domains, including aspects of life. The virtue of prophetic itself is the attitude of humans who must work together to build a better life, fight against things that kill the essence of a human being, and strengthen faith in Allah SWT. Buya Hamka is a figure whose life should be used as a role model because his life has provided many good things for other humans. In relation to prophetic values, this research aims to reveal how the character Buya Hamka in the biographical novel actualizes prophetic values in his daily life. This research is qualitative research using content analysis techniques. The data source in this research is the novel Buya Hamka: A Biographical Novel written by Ahmad Fuadi. The data for this research are novel texts that reflect the actualization of Buya Hamka's prophetic values. The research results show that this novel shows the figure of Buya Hamka who actualizes his prophetic values with the same goal, namely to educate society so that it can escape adversity, oppression and the grip of the colonialists. To realize this goal, Buya Hamka took several steps that were relevant to his background and skills.

This research delved deep into the complex and intricate world of derivational verbs in the Indonesian language, with a meticulous analysis of their structure and formation using the lens of derivational morphology. The study scrutinized the systematic rules governing the creation of verbs in Indonesian, exploring the prefixes, suffixes, and root words that significantly shaped their meaning and function. Through advanced linguistic methodologies and extensive data collection, this research aimed to unveil the underlying patterns and principles governing the formation of derivational verbs in Indonesian. The study delved into the intricate web of Indonesian derivational verbs, examining how certain affixes or combinations of affixes could change the meaning of the root word and create an entirely new word. The findings showed that (1) Indonesian verb derivation used a wide range of affixes; these affixes came in various forms, including prefixes like {me(N)-}, {ber-}, {ter-}, and suffixes like {-kan}, {-i}; (2) the use of different affixes with root words resulted in significant semantic shifts, and (3) the significance of affixation patterns and semantic shifts in Indonesian verb derivation was highlighted, which could be used to develop a structured theoretical framework for future linguistic inquiries. The findings of this research offered valuable insights into the language's intricate derivational system, shedding light on the nuanced processes that contributed to the rich tapestry of Indonesian vocabulary. It contributed to a better understanding of the language's syntax, grammar, and partial linguistic structure.

Justice is fundamental in every nation building process as most nations have prioritised criminal justice system in which criminal sanctions and incarcention are inherent. To operational this form of justice, some nations especially Cameroon have enacted legal texts to ease its implementation notably, the penal code and the New Criminal Procedure Code. Contrary to criminal justice, restorative justice which is based on making amends is a key feature of African culture. This paper therefore aims at analysing aspects of Papiackum Witticism as speech acts to show the relationship between criminal offences and restorative justice. From the theoretical praxis of Functionalism, this paper operates on the premise that in Papiackum worldview, the concept of restorative justice is highlighted via its norms and values when criminal behaviours are proven. The Papiackum is a speech community in the Ngoketunjia Division, North West region of the Republic of Cameroon.

This paper explores different types of intertextuality in postmodern art and literature. There is no work individually complete and self-iconic; rather, each work achieves a new reality conveying the influence of other contemporary or previous works and authors. The literary works in any genre of one decade keep a certain connection which is intertextual net. The authors, consciously and unconsciously, bring up explicit and implicit references of other works glorifying or mocking the past works. Though a work can be representation of any fact or social reality, it must be a product of the imitation of multiple imitations and gets a state which leaves no connection with its origin. Therefore, any work cannot be considered as complete without the influence of other works. Every artistic work is influenced by other previous works and bears intertextual elements. It is a qualitative research based on content analysis method. This research brings out different types of intertextual elements in arts and literature from postmodern perspective.

The emotional needs of a child who has fluency disorder (stammering) is as important if not more important than the educational development. Many parents are concerned so much especially when they are not able to deal with the problem of fluency disorder in their children. Often times, this causes embarrassment in homes. Children who stammer are easily aggressive and this may be due to the fact that they find it difficult to express their views on a particular issue or occasion. This situation can also be frustrating and causes them to feel withdrawn and not to socialize, as it feels so terrible knowing what to say, but cannot express it the way it ought to be said due to some speech challenges. It is on that note that this research was carried out, to investigate the psycho-social effects of stuttering/stammering in the affected children as well as proffer some solutions or make some suggestions that will go a long way in helping to improve the lives of the children affected with stuttering.

The Victorian Period is a remarkable period in the history of literature as a lot of transformations took place in this era. The Victorian Period spaned from 1837 to 1901 and it is a remarkable era that left an indelible mark on the fabric of society, art, and literature. This paper delves into the rich precepts of the Victorian era, exploring its distinctive characteristics, social dynamics, and artistic expressions. This study commences with an overview of the historical and socio-political context of the Victorian Period, highlighting the reign of Queen Victoria and the significant events that shaped the era. It also examines how these influences set the stage for the unique values, beliefs, and attitudes that permeated the Victorian society. A central focus of this study is the exploration of the Victorian social hierarchy, with its rigid class structure and strict moral codes. This era was also marked by a flourishing artistic and literary scene that produced a wealth of literary masterpieces. In exploring the works of prominent Victorian authors such as Charles Dickens, Jane Austen, and the Brontë sisters, it equally explores the thematic underpinnings of their novels, such as social inequality, love, morality, and the changing dynamics of the Victorian society. Additionally, we will discuss the rise of serialized fiction and the influence of Victorian literature on contemporary storytelling. Lastly, this paper sheds light on the legacy of the Victorian Period, exploring its enduring impact on subsequent generations. It also discusses how Victorian ideals and sensibilities continue to shape modern society, art, and literature, as well as their resonance in contemporary discussions on gender, class, and societal norms.