Zinc (Zn) and red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) extract have long been known to play a vital role in maintaining reproductive function and sexual health in males. However, their combined use in animals with DMPA-induced testicular dysfunction has not been widely studied. In this study twenty male Swiss Webster mice were grouped into four consisted of 5 mice each. Group 1 was given only distilled water (Control). Group 2 was given DMPA 1.25 mg/kg BW and distilled water (DMPA). Group 3 treated with DMPA 1.25 mg/kg BW and red ginger extract 400 mg/kg BW and Zn 1 mg/kg BW (DZE 400). Group 4 treated with DMPA 1.25 mg/kg BW and red ginger extract 600 mg/kg BW and Zn 1 mg/kg BW (DZE 600). After 35 days of treatment all animal were dissected for their testis to assess the intratesticular hormone level, to count the number of spermatozoa, to see the motility, morphology, and viability of the sperms. The results showed that red ginger extract at 400 mg/kg BW and zinc 1 mg/kg BW significantly increase testosterone levels, sperm count, motility, morphology, dan viability. In conclusion, zinc elements and red ginger extract, at a certain dose, have the potential as ingredients to overcome testicular dysfunction.

Zinc (Zn) and red ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinale var. Rubrum) extract have long been known to play a vital role in maintaining reproductive function and sexual health in males. However, their combined use in animals with DMPA-induced testicular dysfunction has not been widely studied. In this study twenty male Swiss Webster mice were grouped into four consisted of 5 mice each. Group 1 was given only distilled water (Control). Group 2 was given DMPA 1.25 mg/kg BW and distilled water (DMPA). Group 3 treated with DMPA 1.25 mg/kg BW and red ginger extract 400 mg/kg BW and Zn 1 mg/kg BW (DZE 400). Group 4 treated with DMPA 1.25 mg/kg BW and red ginger extract 600 mg/kg BW and Zn 1 mg/kg BW (DZE 600). After 35 days of treatment all animal were dissected for their testis to assess the intratesticular hormone level, to count the number of spermatozoa, to see the motility, morphology, and viability of the sperms. The results showed that red ginger extract at 400 mg/kg BW and zinc 1 mg/kg BW significantly increase testosterone levels, sperm count, motility, morphology, dan viability. In conclusion, zinc elements and red ginger extract, at a certain dose, have the potential as ingredients to overcome testicular dysfunction.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is community-acquired infection it can present as lung tuberculosis. It is difficult to treat K. pneumoniae because of its enlarged capsule. "The most effective treatments for Klebsiella are 3&4 century carbapenems, quinolones, or cephalosporins." With the use of more recent medications, single therapy is similarly beneficial as combination therapy for lung infection. Successful treatment in the past has involved the use of older medicines that had less Klebsiella involvement. Prior to identification of pneumococcus illness, patient effect to tuberculosis, and ceftriaxone monotherapy was the prescribed treatment. The patient received an injection at first, followed by three weeks of oral medication. The patient received an injection at first, followed by 3 weeks of oral medication. This article's goal is to discuss the epidemiology, virulence factors, and treatment approaches of this particular species of bacterium. The bacteriais widely distributed throughout the nation, causing a number of respiratory illnesses and having the ability to transmit to other pathogens, including viruses, especially the Corona virus.

Iron nanoparticles exist naturally in the environment, it has distinct properties like reactivity, mobility and toxicity which can have potential harm to the nature when it accumulates in large amounts in the soil. Previous studies used varied levels and materials of iron nanoparticles to evaluate its effect on plants, our study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of Iron Nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) seed priming on some Iraqi barley cultivars at the germination level. The Fe2O3 NPs successfully synthesized using Turmeric extract and examined using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). In the experiment, the seed was primed with concentrations of NPs (0,3,6,9 mM) with varied priming periods (6,12, and 24 h) and evaluated the seed germination rate (%) and seed germination speed (h). The experimental data showed statistically insignificant suppression of the seed germination rate compared with control treatment for all cultivars which had 100% germination rate except 9 mM, which was marked significant compared with control treatment, while germination speed delayed and significantly affected by the increase in priming period at the concentrations (6 and 9 mM). The study concluded that Fe2O3 NPs barley seed priming can inhibit the germination and delay germination speed at high concentrations which may pose phytotoxic effect at high levels and long term exposure.

Aim: Evaluation of the toxicological effect of lead acetate (50 mg/kg of body weight) on some functions of the male reproductive system and evaluating its treatment with aqueous extract of date pits (200 mg/kg of body weight) for (20) rats for a period (30) days. The study included four groups: the first group was the control, the second group was treated with lead acetate, the third group was treated with aqueous extract, and fourth group was treated with lead acetate and aqueous extract, Body weight was measured before and after the end of the experimental periods, the weights of the testes and epididymis after dissection, and blood was drawn from them for the purpose of measuring the hormones FSH, LH, and numbers of live and dead sperm in each group, the results showed a decrease in the average weights of the body, testes and epididymis, a and concentration of both hormones and the number of live sperm, and an increase in the percentage of dead and deformed sperm in the second group compared to the control group. As for the third group, the results showed an opposite effect to the second group. As for the fourth, the toxic effect of lead acetate is less when it is dosed to rats with the extract, we conclude from this that lead acetate has a clear toxic effect and causes oxidative stress when rats are exposed to it alone. This effect is reduced when rats are exposed to lead acetate and an aqueous extract.

The secondary metabolites produced by microbes have a unique structure and a low molecular mass. Various biological functions, such as antibacterial agents, are displayed by the structurally varied metabolites. Klebsiella pneumoniae methanolic extract contained 39 bioactive components. GC-MS was used to identify the Tricyclo[4.3.1.1(3.8)] in Klebsiella pneumoniae. such as undecan-1-amine, 3-methylbenzaldehyde semicarbazone, carboxaldehyde, 1-methyloxime, (Z)-(+) 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexene, Hydroxyphenylbutylamine, 4, 5, Pamomycin is a The chemical compound 9-borabicyclo[3.31] Benzenemethanol, 2-(2-aminopropoxy), nonane, 9-mercapto- and that is 3-methyl, The solvent acetamide, An N-(6-acetylaminobenzothiazol-2-yl) • N-(2,5-Dicyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamide • 4-(2,5-Dihydro-3-methoxyphenyl)butylamine 3,5-Dioxatricyclo [4.3.1.0(2,4)] December 7th, phenylmethyl ester, eicosanoic acid, 3-cyclohex-3-enylpropionic acid The compound 3,7-dialzabicyclo[3.3.1] thiocarbamate, nonane, 9,9-dimethyl- 1-(2-Furyl)-S-methyl-N-(2-methyl-3-oxobutyl)-, dl-homocysteine 1,7-Dioxa-10-thia-4,13-diazacyclopentadeca-5,9,12-trione is the synthetic name for pyridine. 1,-(β-d-Arabinofuranosyl) and 5,7-decadiyn-1,12-diol -4-O-difluoromethyluracil, Blood sugar, the pyrrolo compound [1.2-a] 1,4-dione of pyrazine, hexahydro- However, butyl undecyl ester, phthalic acid, and 12-methyl-oxa-cyclododecan-2-one. These compounds include 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 1,2,4-trioxolane-2-octanoic acid, and 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester. ester of 5-octyl-methyl Octahydrochromen-2-one, 12-dimethylamino-10-oxododecanoic acid, L-aspartic acid, N-glycyl-,2H-oxicecin-2-one, 3,4,7,8,91,10-hexahydro-4-hydroxy-10-meth, The compound thiazolo[4,5-d] 2-amino-4-(2-ph)-dione, 3,6,12-trimethyl-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaaza-cyclooctadecane, 2-amino-4-(2-ph)-dione, Dec-9-en-6-oxo-1-ylamide 3-(2-methylpropyl)-2-lodohiistidine, 2,5-diperazinedione The compound is 9-octadecenamide and a tetrahedronate ring structure with three methyl groups attached. A extremely active species of crustacean, Citrullus colocynthis, measured 6.39±0.27 mm. The findings from the study on the anti-fungal activity of Morganella morganii demonstrated that the volatile chemicals effectively inhibited the development of Aspergillus terreus (5.613±0.23).Clinical pathogens chosen for their antimicrobial properties, include Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus pneumonia, and Escherichia coli The results for bacteria (Metabolites Produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae) were 4.09±0.013, 2.99±0.300, 4.37±0.200, 3.22±0.210, and 4.00±0.203 respectively. For bacteria (Streptomycin antibiotics), the results were 1.08±0.200, 0.97±0.116, 2.08±0.233, 3.04±0.261, and 0.98±0.166. For bacteria (Kanamycin antibiotics), the results were 1.02±0.180, 1.00±0.190, 2.08±0.236, 1.00±0.100, and 1.82±0.200, respectively. The bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae produces a wide variety of biologically active secondary metabolites. Klebsiella pneumoniae compound purification has potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry due to the importance of bioactive compounds in the development of medications for the treatment of numerous ailments.

The significance of four soil treatments on basil growth and soil chemistry was analyzed at GC-MS: vermicompost (VC), bitmoss (BM) and VC+ sandy soil, and VC+ bitmoss. The GC–MS analysis determined that VC contained 29.2% stearic acid and 21.5% 2,4-dimethylphenol, and BM had a 20% humic acid. VC treated with 250 mL VC + sandy soil showed the highest positive influence on basil growth, resulting in the tallest (20 cm) and the biggest leaves (5 cm) were produced by the plants. In contrast, BM alone had slow growth response (5 cm) although being a product with humic acid for its fraction. The presence of BHT(T) (15.7%) in the VC + soil treatment indicated potential contamination. These results indicate that VC mixed with sandy soil provides ideal conditions for basil growth, possibly as a result of enhanced soil physico-chemical properties and nutrient availability.