Iron nanoparticles exist naturally in the environment, it has distinct properties like reactivity, mobility and toxicity which can have potential harm to the nature when it accumulates in large amounts in the soil. Previous studies used varied levels and materials of iron nanoparticles to evaluate its effect on plants, our study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of Iron Nanoparticles (Fe2O3 NPs) seed priming on some Iraqi barley cultivars at the germination level. The Fe2O3 NPs successfully synthesized using Turmeric extract and examined using Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-vis), Fourier Transform Infrared spectrum (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). In the experiment, the seed was primed with concentrations of NPs (0,3,6,9 mM) with varied priming periods (6,12, and 24 h) and evaluated the seed germination rate (%) and seed germination speed (h). The experimental data showed statistically insignificant suppression of the seed germination rate compared with control treatment for all cultivars which had 100% germination rate except 9 mM, which was marked significant compared with control treatment, while germination speed delayed and significantly affected by the increase in priming period at the concentrations (6 and 9 mM). The study concluded that Fe2O3 NPs barley seed priming can inhibit the germination and delay germination speed at high concentrations which may pose phytotoxic effect at high levels and long term exposure.

Aim: Evaluation of the toxicological effect of lead acetate (50 mg/kg of body weight) on some functions of the male reproductive system and evaluating its treatment with aqueous extract of date pits (200 mg/kg of body weight) for (20) rats for a period (30) days. The study included four groups: the first group was the control, the second group was treated with lead acetate, the third group was treated with aqueous extract, and fourth group was treated with lead acetate and aqueous extract, Body weight was measured before and after the end of the experimental periods, the weights of the testes and epididymis after dissection, and blood was drawn from them for the purpose of measuring the hormones FSH, LH, and numbers of live and dead sperm in each group, the results showed a decrease in the average weights of the body, testes and epididymis, a and concentration of both hormones and the number of live sperm, and an increase in the percentage of dead and deformed sperm in the second group compared to the control group. As for the third group, the results showed an opposite effect to the second group. As for the fourth, the toxic effect of lead acetate is less when it is dosed to rats with the extract, we conclude from this that lead acetate has a clear toxic effect and causes oxidative stress when rats are exposed to it alone. This effect is reduced when rats are exposed to lead acetate and an aqueous extract.

The secondary metabolites produced by microbes have a unique structure and a low molecular mass. Various biological functions, such as antibacterial agents, are displayed by the structurally varied metabolites. Klebsiella pneumoniae methanolic extract contained 39 bioactive components. GC-MS was used to identify the Tricyclo[4.3.1.1(3.8)] in Klebsiella pneumoniae. such as undecan-1-amine, 3-methylbenzaldehyde semicarbazone, carboxaldehyde, 1-methyloxime, (Z)-(+) 1,5,5-Trimethyl-6-methylene-cyclohexene, Hydroxyphenylbutylamine, 4, 5, Pamomycin is a The chemical compound 9-borabicyclo[3.31] Benzenemethanol, 2-(2-aminopropoxy), nonane, 9-mercapto- and that is 3-methyl, The solvent acetamide, An N-(6-acetylaminobenzothiazol-2-yl) • N-(2,5-Dicyano-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-yl)-acetamide • 4-(2,5-Dihydro-3-methoxyphenyl)butylamine 3,5-Dioxatricyclo [4.3.1.0(2,4)] December 7th, phenylmethyl ester, eicosanoic acid, 3-cyclohex-3-enylpropionic acid The compound 3,7-dialzabicyclo[3.3.1] thiocarbamate, nonane, 9,9-dimethyl- 1-(2-Furyl)-S-methyl-N-(2-methyl-3-oxobutyl)-, dl-homocysteine 1,7-Dioxa-10-thia-4,13-diazacyclopentadeca-5,9,12-trione is the synthetic name for pyridine. 1,-(β-d-Arabinofuranosyl) and 5,7-decadiyn-1,12-diol -4-O-difluoromethyluracil, Blood sugar, the pyrrolo compound [1.2-a] 1,4-dione of pyrazine, hexahydro- However, butyl undecyl ester, phthalic acid, and 12-methyl-oxa-cyclododecan-2-one. These compounds include 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, 1,2,4-trioxolane-2-octanoic acid, and 2,3-bis(acetyloxy)propyl ester. ester of 5-octyl-methyl Octahydrochromen-2-one, 12-dimethylamino-10-oxododecanoic acid, L-aspartic acid, N-glycyl-,2H-oxicecin-2-one, 3,4,7,8,91,10-hexahydro-4-hydroxy-10-meth, The compound thiazolo[4,5-d] 2-amino-4-(2-ph)-dione, 3,6,12-trimethyl-1,4,7,10,13,16-hexaaza-cyclooctadecane, 2-amino-4-(2-ph)-dione, Dec-9-en-6-oxo-1-ylamide 3-(2-methylpropyl)-2-lodohiistidine, 2,5-diperazinedione The compound is 9-octadecenamide and a tetrahedronate ring structure with three methyl groups attached. A extremely active species of crustacean, Citrullus colocynthis, measured 6.39±0.27 mm. The findings from the study on the anti-fungal activity of Morganella morganii demonstrated that the volatile chemicals effectively inhibited the development of Aspergillus terreus (5.613±0.23).Clinical pathogens chosen for their antimicrobial properties, include Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus pneumonia, and Escherichia coli The results for bacteria (Metabolites Produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae) were 4.09±0.013, 2.99±0.300, 4.37±0.200, 3.22±0.210, and 4.00±0.203 respectively. For bacteria (Streptomycin antibiotics), the results were 1.08±0.200, 0.97±0.116, 2.08±0.233, 3.04±0.261, and 0.98±0.166. For bacteria (Kanamycin antibiotics), the results were 1.02±0.180, 1.00±0.190, 2.08±0.236, 1.00±0.100, and 1.82±0.200, respectively. The bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae produces a wide variety of biologically active secondary metabolites. Klebsiella pneumoniae compound purification has potential applications in the pharmaceutical industry due to the importance of bioactive compounds in the development of medications for the treatment of numerous ailments.

The significance of four soil treatments on basil growth and soil chemistry was analyzed at GC-MS: vermicompost (VC), bitmoss (BM) and VC+ sandy soil, and VC+ bitmoss. The GC–MS analysis determined that VC contained 29.2% stearic acid and 21.5% 2,4-dimethylphenol, and BM had a 20% humic acid. VC treated with 250 mL VC + sandy soil showed the highest positive influence on basil growth, resulting in the tallest (20 cm) and the biggest leaves (5 cm) were produced by the plants. In contrast, BM alone had slow growth response (5 cm) although being a product with humic acid for its fraction. The presence of BHT(T) (15.7%) in the VC + soil treatment indicated potential contamination. These results indicate that VC mixed with sandy soil provides ideal conditions for basil growth, possibly as a result of enhanced soil physico-chemical properties and nutrient availability.

The purpose is to compare the efficacy of various hand rub brands against specific skin-colonizing bacteria due to the widespread use of hand disinfectants, due to COVID-19's contagious nature, highlighting the importance of hand hygiene in reducing nosocomial infections and cross-transmission. Thirty workers from the Iraqi Scientific Research Commission’s laboratories, split into two groups for administrative and scientific work to provide bacterial samples. A total of thirty samples of bacteria were acquired. Based on their popularity and frequent use in Baghdad, fifteen different hand sanitizers from various brands were purchased for this study. The well diffusion agar test was used in the experiment to assess the bacterial activity of the hand sanitizers used in the study. The majority of sanitizers were unable to eradicate every type of bacterial species identified during the study. The gel sanitizer with 93% ethyl alcohol was successful in eliminating every bacterial strain identified, except for one species. Meanwhile, a liquid sanitizer with 70% alcohol was unable to eradicate even a single strain of bacteria. Our study's findings demonstrated that the alcohol-free disinfectant outperformed the sanitizer with an alcohol content ranging from 60 to 93% in terms of bacterial control.

The current study aimed to find the relationship between excessive addiction to electronic games and its effect on anxiety and stress hormones and some biochemical variables in groups of young people and adolescents∙ The experiment was conducted from the beginning of October 2024 until the end of December 2024∙ Samples were collected from schools, some entertainment places and gaming halls designated for electronic games in the city of Samarra∙ 90 blood samples were collected and divided into two groups: (30) samples from young people and adolescents, which is the control group, who do not play electronic games, and 60 samples from young people and adolescents, which is the non-control group, who play electronic games∙ The results showed a significant difference (P≤0∙05) in the concentration levels of glucagon and cortisol in the group of patients compared to the healthy group∙ There was no significant difference (P≤0∙05) in the concentration levels of insulin, adrenaline and acetylcholinesterase in the group of patients compared to the healthy group.

This study aimed to identify bacterial isolates from the Tigris River in Samarra using molecular techniques. The results revealed bacterial species from the genera Escherichia, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas. Identification was confirmed via 16S rRNA sequence analysis, showing high similarity (97–100%) with reference strains in the NCBI database. Point and insertion mutations were particularly noted in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, suggesting environmental stress. The study highlights the value of molecular tools in environmental monitoring and emphasizes the need for continuous water quality assessment due to the potential presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria suggesting the influence of environmental stress and pollution on the genetic structure of these bacteria.