The experiment was conducted from 9/3 to 11/4/2023 to study the effects of using increasing percentages of dried dates peels (0, 15, 30, & 45%) on the concentrated fodder to study its effect. on dry and organic matter digestion coefficients, methane gas production, volatile fatty acid, ammonia, pH, and total numbers of bacteria. The results show that there was a significant effect (p≤0.05) on the digestibility of dry and organic matter at 30% of date by-products. The results also showing that treatment T3 was superior in the production of total gas and methane gas for all incubation periods. The results also positive for the characteristics of ammonia nitrogen and Volatile fatty acids, T4 outperformed the rest of the treatments in total bacterial counts.

: In the industrialized world, campylobacter jejuni is a prevalent foodborne bacterial infection. And is zoontic disease and causing gastroenteritis and others disease in the study using this bacteria as vaccine by preparing of bacterial ghost from C. jejuni This is the aim of the study for vaccine was prepared by determining the MIC, MGC of the bacteria that were grown on N.B medium after that a group of chemicals compound SDS, NaOH, CaCO3 and H2O2 were added at specific concentration and according to the Sponglike Protocol and using Plackett-Burman Experiment design and conducting a viability test for the bacteria, the concentration of MIC and MGC were determined.

In this study, the presence of Trypanosoma evansi was detected and identified humans in Babylon province in Iraq by blood smears and confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Try this study by taking a sample blood from a camel breeders (humans) by Venipuncture from north and south of Babylon. 75 blood samples were collected from humans, adult and young of all sexes. The blood smears result was in humans 0% (0/75). The infection rate using PCR technology was 12% (9/75). This was the first study in Iraq to reveal the presence of the disease. Trypanosoma evansi in camel breeders (humans).

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and a systemic inflammation that can damage a broad spectrum of organs. SLE patients suffer from a wide variety of symptoms, which can affect virtually almost any tissue. As lupus is difficult to diagnose, the worldwide prevalence of SLE can only be roughly estimated to range from 10 and 200 cases per 100,000 individuals with dramatic differences depending on gender, ethnicity, and location. Although the treatment of this disease has been significantly ameliorated by new therapies, improved conventional drug therapy options, and a trained expert eye, the underlying pathogenesis of lupus still remain widely unknown. The complex etiology reflects the complex genetic background of the disease, which is also not well understood yet. However, in the past few years advances in lupus genetics have been made, notably with the publication of genome wide association studies in humans.

The present study was to evaluate the phytochemical screening and anthelmintic activity of aqueous polyherbal seeds extract (APSE) against Pheretima posthuma. The seeds of Coriandrum sativum, Sesamum indicum, Glycine max, Momordica charantiana trachyspermum ammi, was identified and purchased from local market of Nuzvid. APSE was prepared from the dried seeds of five different plants using the solvent water. Initially, APSE was screened for phytochemical constituents by standard methods. Further, antihelmintic study was conducted against Pheretima posthuma, collected from local Vermicomposting Farm, Nuzvid. In the phytochemical screening, APSE showed presence of glycosides, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, phytosterols and tannins. In the anthelmintic study, mortality was produced in earth worm populations by APSE. The use of APSE as an anthelmintic was confirmed by using standard method against Pheretima posthuma. The results indicated that the test drug has significant anthelmintic properties. The data were found statistically significant by using one way ANOVA (P< 0.0001). Hence, it can be concluded that the APSE can be used as a novel drug for the treatment of worm infestations.

Diclofenac administration has been associated with several health problems in human including gastrointestinal tract problems, renal toxicity, among others. Several medicinal plants are been used locally for the treatment of several diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of fermented unripe plantain juice (FUPJ) in ameliorating diclofenac-induced ulcer and renal dysfunction. Twenty (20) healthy adult Wister rats weighing between 110g to 200g were randomly divided into four groups of five rats each. Group I served as control, received distilled water and feeds, Group 2 received 10mg/kg body weight of diclofenac only, Group 3 received 10mg/kg body weight of diclofenac only and post treated with 200mg/kg body weight of FUPJ and Group 4 received 200mg/kg body weight of FUPJ. The diclofenac was administered IP and fermented unripe plantain extract was administered orally for fourteen (14) days. The results showed that diclofenac administration caused a significant increase (p<0.05) in serum levels of creatinine and a significant decrease (p<0.05) in antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) compared to the control group. Additionally, diclofenac administration caused ulceration in the gastric mucosa. However, treatment with FUPJ significantly reduced (p<0.05) the levels of creatinine, urea, and MDA and increased (p<0.05) the levels of antioxidant enzymes in a dose-dependent manner. The highest dose of FUPJ (200mg/kg) showed the most significant reduction in the levels of the tested parameters and prevented the gastric mucosal ulceration. In conclusion, FUPJ has the potential to ameliorate diclofenac-induced ulcer and renal dysfunction through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

This study was aimed to isolate and identify of Klebsiella pneumonia and testing the production of Arginine deiminase (ADI) purified from Klebsiella pneumonia in vitro, 30 samples were collected from sheep infected with respiratory infections from veterinary clinics and hospitals from October to April 2024 then transported by transport media to the laboratory for culture and microbial examine. Out of the 21 samples, 13 (61.9%) showed bacterial growth, with the majority being Gram-negative bacteria. The remaining 8 samples (38%) were gram-positive. The analysis revealed that Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most identified bacterial strain. Out of the total bacteria used, 7 (53.8%) were identified as gram-negative bacteria, while the remaining were of different types. This study identified the enzyme arginine deiminase from 7 clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumonia whereby the enzyme was extracted and purified. The objective was to quantify K. pneumonia for this enzyme production capacity to measure its overall capability on subsequent phases via screening. This screening method was based on the measurement of the precise arginine deiminase activity using spectrophotometric assay. The specific activity of purified enzyme was 10 U/min with approximate molecular weight 120 kDa and the isolate K. pneumonia N7 was found most effective in production of the enzyme.