Objective: The current research study was completed in some areas of Kirkuk Governorate, where samples were collected randomly from pregnant women who had miscarriages arriving at government hospitals and some private medical clinics, whose ages ranged between 18-35 years for a period from 25/3/2024 to 1/10/2024. Methode: 150 samples were collected from pregnant women who had miscarriages (first miscarriage). It was suspected that they were infected with Toxoplasma, and a rapid test was performed to detect IgM and IgG, as 60 samples were confirmed to be infected with the Toxoplasma parasite through the appearance of a positive IgG result, and 30 uninfected samples were IgM negative. After that, blood was taken from patients and healthy and separated using a centrifuge. Then the intrelukin-17-IL-17, Chemerin, and some biochemical variables such as thyroid hormones (T3, T4, TSH), and antioxidants including glutathione peroxidase -GPX, Superoxide dismutase -SOD and Copper-Cu were measuring. Result: The results of this study showed a significant rise in each parameter (IL-17, chemerin, T3, T4, TSH, and Cu) and a significant low in concentration of (GPX, SOD) in the sera of women infected with T.gondii compared to healthy women, with a probability of P ≤ 0.05.

Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) is an herbaceous plant that belongs to the Umbelliferae family, widely known for its use as a spice in Indian, Middle Eastern, and other global cuisines. This aromatic spice contains powerful active compounds such as thymoquinone and cuminaldehyde, which have been linked to numerous health benefits. Recent scientific research has highlighted cumin's positive effects on digestion, inflammation reduction, blood sugar regulation, and even its potential anticancer properties. These attributes make cumin an important natural remedy for various health concerns. Furthermore, cumin possesses antibacterial and antifungal properties, making it effective in combating skin infections and other microbial ailments. Laboratory studies have revealed additional promising findings regarding cumin extract. These studies have demonstrated its ability to inhibit tumor growth, reduce intestinal inflammation, and enhance gut health in animal models. Such results indicate cumin's potential as a therapeutic agent for addressing chronic and complex health conditions. Despite these encouraging findings, it is essential to note that most studies so far have been conducted in laboratory settings or on animals. To fully understand cumin’s medicinal potential and confirm its benefits for human health, further clinical trials on humans are necessary. Such trials will provide more comprehensive insights into the safety, efficacy, and dosage of cumin-based therapies. In addition to its culinary appeal, cumin stands out as a functional spice with significant health-promoting properties. Its multifaceted nature highlights the importance of integrating natural remedies into modern healthcare practices, though further research will solidify its role in clinical applications.

Objective: The gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholera is the cause of the acute infectious bacterial illness cholera. It often spreads via ingesting contaminated food or water. Diarrhea and severe dehydration are symptoms of cholera. It can be lethal within hours if untreated. A fresh cholera outbreak struck many Iraqi cities in 2022 based on the World Health Organization's verified data. Methodology: A total 32 instances in all were recorded in the Medical City in Baghdad between June and November 2022, with the causal agent being found in stool samples from individuals who had been diagnosed as being infected. Distribution of the collected data is based on age and gender. Additionally, the isolated bacteria were tested for susceptibility to a variety of antibiotics, including Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, Ampicillin, Trimethoprim, and Supremethoprim. Statistics were applied to the obtained data. Results: Male were shown to have 55% more infections than female, who had 45%. Regarding demographics, it mostly targets the 22–42 age bracket. The greatest instances of cholera occurred in July and August, with the infection rising in the summer more than in the autumn. Statistics revealed that each antibiotic's sensitivity and resistance regardless of the patient's age and gender. The bacterial isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Tetracycline. And resistant to other tested antibiotics. Conclusion: The antibiotic sensitivity of cholera was regardless to age and gender. Further studies needed to study the disease distribution according to geographical area in Baghdad as well as study the medical profile of infected people. Study sensitivity of the infected bacteria to other recent antibiotics is also recommended.

Examination using susceptibility tests of 112 urine sample revealed that the Escherichia coli is the mostly causative agent of women urinary tract infections in Kirkuk city. the high resistance rate %82.2 of E.coli was found to be against Clindamycin, where as other 32 bacterial isolation were exhibited multidrug resistant to 5 antibiotics used in this study . and lowest number of multidrug resistant isolates nine in total is resistance to six anti biotic .and all isolation were sensitive to Imipenem.

Salmonella is an important bacteria that can lead to infections both in the body and intestines, posing serious health concerns. This study looks at how Salmonella infection affects the body and immune system in BALB/c mice, focusing on immune reactions, antibody creation. Thirty mice were divided into three categories: a high-dose infection group, a low-dose infection group, and a control group. We measured antibody levels using ELISA, checked white blood cell (WBC) counts, and looked at liver and spleen tissues closely. The results showed changes based on the dose, such as higher antibody levels, more WBC counts, and significant tissue harm in those infected. Statistical tests showed clear differences among the groups, providing important information on how Salmonella operates and how the immune system responds. This research helps us learn about interactions between the host and the pathogen and lays the groundwork for creating specific treatment methods. This study helps in knowing how hosts and pathogens interact and lays groundwork for creating focused treatment methods.

This study aimed to detect K1, K2, and MagA genes in Kebsiella pneumonia patients and IL-10 levels. The study included 30 samples from variant patients' swabs (urine, wound). Then, cultured in McConkey media for 24 hours, purified the isolated samples and extracted bacteria DNA to work on conventional PCR. The study shows the advanced assay acceptably well-known ten isolates (33.3%) as K1 and 11 isolates (36.6%) as K2 serotypes, magA 14 isolates (46,6%) among 30 isolates of K. pneumonia serotypes. The immunological detection of IL-10 from 30 patients in the current study showed a high increase (83.3%) in K. pneumonia. There was high virulence from k1, k2 and magA in K. pneumonia patients, and the levels of interleukin-10 increased to inhibit the infection.

Remarkable positive associations across IL-15 values and the histopathological severity of celiac disease (CeD) indicate that interleukin (IL)-15 plays an essential part in the immunopathogenesis of the illness. There has been inconsistent evidence in certain research linking Helicobacter pylori to CeD. The goal of this meta-analysis was to measure the connection between CeD and H. pylori. Furthermore, the investigation examined the influence of H. pylori on the indications and categorization of CeD. This study includes 35 patients with CeD. They were fully informed of the study's goals before providing their signed consent. A group of 35 healthy blood donors made up the control group. Blood was drawn, transferred into gel tubes, and centrifuged. Serum specimens from both participants and controls have been obtained and then kept at -20°C in a deep freezer for subsequent use. It have been investigated the molecular relationship between IL-15 gene and CeD. It have been investigated the prevalence of H. pylori and CeD. The result of age and CeD incidence correlation indicates that there is no significance between age samples parameter and CeD incidence (control= 12.83 ± 0.4211, n=35 patients=12.23 ± 0.3358, n=35, p value=0.2692). Results of correlation between gender and CeD incidence indicates that number of male samples (24) and CeD incidence is more than that of female samples (11). Results of correlation between urban-rural residence and CeD incidence indicate that the average CDAT score for those who live in rural was higher in the urban area (good adherence to a gluten-free diet).