A recurring challenge in the global oil and gas industry is the issue of reduced volume of petroleum products when loaded into petroleum trucks. Incorrect measurement of product volumes during custody transfer operations can lead to discrepancies in actual quantities, which can have significant financial implications for the parties involved. For these reasons, data collected from hydrometers and thermometers for determining the density at 15°C must be reliable to avoid discrepancies in volume delivered and received. The present study estimates the reliability of super and gasoil temperature and density measurements by applying data quality dimensions. It was also found that the data for quantifying volumes of petroleum products operations was approximately 13.8% erroneous. The most common errors found in the specific condition monitoring data were caused by outlier data. The most likely cause for the outlier data is the quality of work performance at ABC company fuel terminals. The economic impacts resulting from these small measurement errors prompt companies in the sector to focus on continuous improvement of their measurement systems.

Ekiti State is a farming region with the ability to produce biomass reserves, which include yet refined crop cultivation product leftovers like sugar cane, corn cobs, palm husk shells, and okanagan wood, for use as fuel. The vast energy-generating potential of crops for use in industry and household applications is examined in this article. Biomass crops were subjected to a thermogravimetric examination to determine their unique thermal activity in an airtight and benign atmosphere with a temperature increase of 10°C per minute up to 800°C. The decrease in weight pattern was shown to be similar across all four waste specimens. Three reactive regions were identified during the nitrogen-rich environment assessment, which correlate to water loss, flammable generation, and char breakdown. Three response domains in an air system corresponded to the degradation, burning, and drying of char. The proximate and ultimate evaluation outcomes demonstrated that each of the bioenergy crop leftovers under investigation is fit for gas extraction and fuel combustion to meet power and thermal needs. The computational and experimental analysis revealed that Okanagan wood has the highest calorific value which indicates the highest heat values and considered the best for biomass energy production in Ekiti State for entrepreneurial venture.

Swami Vivekananda was a South Asian visionary and a futuristic thinker of Indian civilization. Science, technology, engineering and medicine in today’s human mankind needs to be re-envisioned and re-organized with the passage of Indian history and the visionary timeframe. Swami Vivekananda always thought of the youth of India. In this article, the author deeply elucidates on Swami Vivekananda’s teaching and its relevance to the futuristic vision of education in free India. Today man and mankind are in the crossroads and crevices of a deep environmental engineering crisis and socio-economic crisis of immense proportions. The author deeply elucidates on the true path of Swami Vivekananda’s teaching in global society and the futuristic vision of the value system of India in post-independence era. The author deeply with cogent and lucid insight elucidates the various stages of development and the progress of free India post-independence India. Surely and veritably a new era in the vast scientific firmament of India will emerge if students, teachers, scientists and policy makers across the globe takes effective steps in the proper application of Global and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

Polymer Nano-composites (PNC) are efficient materials that consist of polymer matrix and nanoparticles to create a new generation with excellent properties. In this paper a PNC filler-based Zinc oxide (ZnO) is used for enhancing the dissipation factor (DF) or Tan δ of the obtained polymer compared to the individual polymer material and improving the electrical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE). The electrical properties of HDPE are investigated under different concentrations of zinc oxide including (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 wt.%) as well as under different conditions including the variations of temperature (25-150 Celsius) and frequencies (0.1 kHz to 1 MHz). The simulation results reveal that inclusion Zinc oxide as filler can improve the electrical properties of HDPE. In addition to that the minimum value of dissipation factor and the best electrical properties can be obtained at concentration 10 % loading compared to the other concentration levels. Curve fitting solutions were performed to determine the best fit for the experimental results. African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) was used to determine the optimal value of zinc oxide filler percentage to obtain the best optimal value of dissipation factor.

Bottom ash is a by-product produced from the process of burning rocks for electricity generation. The bottom ash produced requires a large enough storage area, high transportation costs to move it to a safe final disposal location so that it does not have a negative impact on humans. This research aims to analyze the effect of using bottom ash waste in the HRS WC asphalt mixture. The asphalt mixture is made in the form of a cylinder with a diameter of 101.6 mm and a thickness of 64 mm and is made in a hot mix. The test object was tested using the Marshall test to determine stability. Flow, vim and marshall quotient. The use of 20% BA to substitute sand in the asphalt mixture has a positive impact by increasing the stability value. The flow value meets the specifications required by the ministry of public works and public housing. The VIM value of the asphalt mixture also meets, indicating that the presence of bottom ash with an amount of up to 20% in the asphalt mixture can work optimally in the asphalt mixture.

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) metal oxide nanocomposites are used as high-voltage insulation in AC cables to reduce space charging and other issues. Nanoparticles such as SiO2, MgO, and ZnO are used as fillers in polyethylene matrix to achieve good electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties such as space charge reduction, increased surface and volume resistance, and high dielectric stress bearing capabilities. LDPE/Al2O3 compounds are prepared at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7% for nanofillers and at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% for micro fillers. The dielectric strength of the LDPE/Al2O3 sample was measured at different temperatures to determine the effect of temperature on the dielectric strength value. To check the various properties of the samples, the tensile strength test has been applied. The Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) was used to calculate the optimal Al2O3 filler percentage for the best dielectric strength value.

Humans create an estimated 6.4 trillion litres of pee annually, which is often considered to be waste even though it has the potential to be a large source of liquid fertilizer, power, and other resources that may be used to grow the economy. This article addresses physicochemical properties, energetic value, hydrogen production methodology, socioeconomic uses, and sustainable energy sources for household use that might aid in the urea's conversion into hydrogen molecules at low-cost energy generation. The results of the laboratory examination of the examined urine showed 0.01% magnesium, 0.01% calcium, 0.03% uric acid, 0.04% ammonia, 0.1% sodium, 0.11% creatinine, 0.11% phosphate, 0.16% sulphate, 0.5% potassium, 0.61% chlorine, and 1.82% urea. Urea represents 52% of urine constituents with the highest concentration (1.82%), making it a significant source of clean fuel and the main producer of hydrogen gas. 1.08 g of hydrogen gas was produced from 15 litres of used urinals, and the amounts were 78.9 g, 146.2 g, 218 g, 289 g, and 343.5 g, respectively. In the same amount of time, a generator powered by gasoline consumes more fuel than one powered by hydrogen. Hydrogen burns more effectively than gasoline, using 33KW energy consumption compared to 33.5 MJ for the same amount of 1 kg of gasoline. When used as a generator fuel, Hydrogen is around 15% more efficient than gasoline. Hydrogen is a fully clean source of energy for both the industrial and home markets because its combustion yields solely water vapour.