This article entitled “Some Perspectives on Overcoming Communication Challenges in the Selected Novels of Fatou Diome, Gloria Naylor, Leanora Miano, Pamela Jooste and Walter Mosley”, analyses both genetic and biological disparities from childhood that characterize the lives of boys and girls till adulthood in society. Thus, Le Ventre de l’Atlantique (Diome), The Women of Brewster Place (Naylor), Tels des astres éteints (Miano), Dance with a poor man’s Daughter (Jooste), and RL’s Dream (Mosley), motivated their use to raise an awareness campaigns on female conscientization against a male conspiracy built on the law of silence against the female gender, resulting in male marginalization, of women in gender relationships through diverse cultural and religious practices represented by the corpus. In order to achieve this goal, the following analytical tools were used: feminist criticism, post-colonialism and Africana Womanism. The hypothesis is based on the fact that the corpus underscores gender conflicts that rock power is exercised against women through the channel of communication by men. The analysis concluded that female consciousness raising is a tool that women use to counteract any form of subjugation in patriarchal societies that struggle to their emancipation and freedom. Consequently, the analysis highlights the philosophical and ideological vision that all five authors have of their respective African and African-American societies, concerning gender equality.

Managing the workforce has become a serious challenge during this era. Therefore, this study investigates how employee commitment could be improved through collective leadership. Extant literature that supported this were reviewed and found that collective leadership has played a significant role in organizational performance especially as it improves employee work behaviour. Although, there is less research studies that examine collective leadership and employee commitment in literature. However, this paper made attempt to bridge this gap in literature by adopting two dimensions of collective leadership with respect to two measures of employee commitment. The study also examines Leader–Member Exchange theory and Social Identity Theory that support the concepts. After critical review of past literature, the study conclude that collective leadership can improve employee commitment only when leaders ensure effective communication, build Leader-Team Exchange and engage in network development that will facilitate the awareness of expertise and distribution of roles within the company. Considering the above, the study recommended that management ought to adopt the concept of collective leadership by ensuring effective communication flow vertically and horizontally. They should develop Leader-Team Exchange and build both the team's network as well as the leader’s individual network to improve employee commitment.

The outstanding characteristic properties of nanographene such as high aspect ratios and improved mechanical properties in comparison with other types of nanofillers like carbon nanotubes and clays has accelerated their use as nanosize filler in polymer matrix composites. The litter of agro-wastes is a critical issue which must be addressed for the preservation of the global environment. The effect of nanographene addition on the mechanical and morphological properties of nanocomposites prepared using fluted pumpkin stem fiber (FPF) and recycled high density polyethylene (R-HDPE) was investigated. Four weight levels of nanographene 0, 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 wt % were mixed with 65 wt. % HDPE, 35wt. % FPF and 3wt% maleic acid anhydride produced using melt compounding and the extruded nanocomposites was shaped by injection molding machine for the mechanical tests. The results showed that addition of 0.5 wt % nanographene increased the flexural strength, flexural modulus and notched impact strength by 24.77MPa, 1800MPa and 32.61J/m2, compared to the control samples 20.5MPa, 1500MPa and 19.35J/m2 respectively. Although the addition of nanographene to the FPF/HDPE composite significantly improved the flexural strength, flexural modulus and notched impact strength, these improvements came at a unique nanographene loading of 0.5 wt %. The morphological images revealed that the samples with nanographene loading of 0.5 wt. % showed no fiber pullout/holes, whereas higher contents (1.5-2.5wt %) of nanographene exhibited fiber pullout/holes and were easily agglomerated. This study has shown that fluted pumpkin stem fiber could be used in composite formulation with good results comparable to wood-plastic-composites.

The aim of this study is to compare the hematological parameters of transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) and congenital pneumonia. The hematological parameters of 84 newborns who had a gestational age over 35 weeks, who were diagnosed with transient tachypnea, and congenital pneumonia, who were hospitalized in the Newborn Unit of the Uşak University, Faculty of Medicine, Training and Research Hospital between 2015 and 2021, were analyzed retrospectively from the electronic records of the patients. The mean gestational age was determined as 38.0±1.4 weeks in patients with TTN and 38.8±1.5 weeks in patients with congenital pneumonia. A statistically significant difference was detected between the patients gestational age (p=0,016), birth weight (p=0,017), lymphocyte (p=0,037), thrombocyte (p=0,001) and delivery types (p=0,027). Statistically cesarean delivery was higher in the TTN group; the patients in the group with congenital pneumonia had a higher gestational age; the median lymphocyte and thrombocyte values were also found to be lower than in the TTN group. No statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups in terms of other hematological parameters. The present study presented that TTN was seen at lower gestational weeks and in newborns with lower birth weights. It was suggested that cesarean delivery can be considered to be a risk factor for TTN. When hematological parameters are examined, it is noted that patients with congenital pneumonia have a predisposition to lymphopenia and thrombocytopenia.