Abstract: Back ground: The goal of this cross-sectional descriptive study was to isolate and identify several bacterial species in mobile phones among hospital staff at Almak Nimer University Hospital and Shendi Teaching Hospital in Shendi town, River Nile State, North of Sudan. Between December 2019 and November 2020, the research was carried out. Methodology: One hundred (100) swabs were randomly taken from the phones of male and female medical staff volunteers from Almak Nimer University Hospital and Shendi Teaching Hospital, Blood agar and MacConkey agar were used to grow the specimens. Finally, colonial morphology, gram stain, and biochemical tests were used to identify the isolated bacteria. Results: Eighty-seven (87) mobile phones were discovered to be cultured positive in the research (87 %). The isolated organisms were: S. aureus (28; 32%), Coagulase gram negative staphylococci (26; 30%), Bacillus spp (16; 18%), P. aeruginosa (7; 8%), K. pneumonia (5; 6%), E. coli (4; 4%) and Diphteroid (1; 1%). Laboratory technicians (93%) were the most likely to be contaminated, followed by nurses (88%), physicians (80%), and pharmacists (50%). In terms of gender contamination, females account for 87%, while males account for (86 %). Conclusion: The results of this study showed that medical staff's phones might be a source of nosocomial infection.

Abstract: The aim of study is to determine the activity of aqueous extract of Camellia Sinensis (Green tea) on different types of bacteria isolated from 191 pregnant women attended to Shendi locality hospitals, suffering from urinary tract infection between February 2015 to February 2017 following informed consent. One hundred thirty seven bacteria were isolated, different bacteria with different Gram reactivity was isolated then identified biochemically, in vitro sensitivity testing using well diffusion technique against aqueous green tea extract was done. The largest zone of inhibition appeared in Gram positive bacteria Enterococcus fecalis (17.6 ± 1.9 mm).the concentration of green tea aqueous extract able to suppress the growth of bacteria was 48.6 milligram per ml against Staphylococcus aureus and 280.2 milligram per ml against Escherchia coli.

Abstract: Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 112,703.613 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 24,184,810 persons in Côte d'Ivoire.

Abstract: Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 1,024,848.1 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 11,147,407 persons in Cuba.

Abstract: Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 630,360.93 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 16,290,913 persons in Ecuador.

Abstract: Worldwide, one in eight deaths is due to cancer. Projections based on the GLOBOCAN 2012 estimates predict a substantive increase new cancer cases per year by 2035 in developing countries if preventive measures are not widely applied. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), millions of lives could be saved each year if countries made use of existing knowledge and the best cost-effective methods to prevent and treat cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study is to estimate a provisional budget against cancer in low and middle incomes countries, according the GNI-PPP, the cancer incidence and the number of population. Economically country classification is determining with the Gross national income (GNI), per capita, Purchasing power parity (PPP), according the administrations of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA). Cancer incidence data presented are based on the most recent data available at IARC. However, population compares estimates from the US Bureau of the Census. The provisional budget is establishing among the guidelines developed by WHO for regional and national cancer control programs according to national economic development. Provisional budget against cancer is estimated to 6,988.412 (thousands of U.S $) for a population of 865,267 persons in Djibouti.

Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the sensitivity pattern of the isolates against the Tamarindus indica fruit methanolic extracts as well as to detect the mode of action of the extract. Phytoconstituents were obtained from the crude extracts through the process of qualitative mode of screening and antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion method against the gram negative bacteria. The bioactive ingredients found were mainly; the alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponins, phenol, and phytosterols were found in the extracts of methanolic leaves which showed sound activities against the tested organisms; E. coli and Shigella. The package used for the data analysis was (SAS) version 8.0.