The study examined stakeholders’ perception of government roles in civic engagement and community integration. It also examined stakeholders’ perception of government approach towards civic engagement and community integration and determined the influence of variables such as gender and level of education on stakeholders’ perception of government approach towards civic engagement and community integration. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population for the study comprised stakeholders such as Academics, Community Leaders and Local Government Officials in Osun State. A sample size of 260 personnel comprising of 100 academics, 100 community leaders and 60 local government officials were purposively selected based on nearness using convenience sampling technique. An instrument was developed and validated before use. Two research questions were raised and answered, also two hypotheses were tested and verified. Data collected were analyzed using frequency counts, simple percentages, mean, Independent t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results among others showed that there was a significant influence of level of education on stakeholders’ perception of government approach towards civic engagement and community integration (F= 1.690, p<0.05). The study concluded that level of education had significant impact on stakeholder perception of government approach towards civic engagement and community integration.

Throughout history individuals, communities and nations have collaborated and cooperated with partners to pursue common goals, protect self-interest and ally against common foes – forging agreements, treaties and organizations. These alliances were based on kinship, ideology, trade and commerce, security and even religion and have been an enduring feature of war and conflict across ages. Alliances give a formal context to the basic phenomenon of alignment which amounts to a set of mutual expectations between two or more states that they will have each other’s support in disputes or conflicts with other states (Snyder n.d.).However, it has been leaders – without doubt, altruistic or otherwise, who have forged the path to pursue national interest of their state whether determined through popular consensus or by individual ambitions. Nevertheless, the impact and outcome of the policies and methods adopted by these leaders is shared not only by their own country but also by the neighbouring states and at times even the entire world. The relationship between China and Pakistan has not taken shape of a formal alliance but the collaboration and collusion between them has all the elements that expound the alignment of interests of both countries. In the ever evolving dynamic precept of international relations formal alliances have given way to informal partnerships and complicity between nations to further their interests. The relation between China and Pakistan has flourished despite no common ideological or cultural affinity and has primarily been driven by mutual dependence and practical benefits. Not only has the Chinese backing deprived the people of Pakistan of their rightful development but also has created conditions that make Pakistan an ever existential threat to peace and security in South Asia.

This scholarly paper investigates urbanization and its environmental consequences in Nigeria. Urbanization deals with the mass movement of people especially potential jobs candidates from countryside to urban area due to high demand of labour at the place of destination. It is also population shift from rural area to urban area. This kind of movement often results to food insecurity from both the place of origin and the place of destination. Population growth is one of the impetuses of environmental deterioration due to the high influx of people to the urban areas from the rural areas as a result of higher employment opportunities in the urban areas, quality education, and advanced technology for communication and transportation systems, medical facilities among others. Urbanization leads to rapid sprawl, pollution, and environmental degradation. Data of the study were generated through content analysis from the findings of the previous works of other reputable scholars on the impacts of urbanization. Amongst other recommendations, the study recommends that government should accord serious attention on the agricultural sector in the rural areas so that it can serve as source of employment opportunities to the rural dwellers, entrepreneurship centres should also be built in the rural areas in order to absorb the available unemployed youths in the rural areas, there should also be planned and well managed urban expansion blueprints in order to curb environmental problems that spurred by urbanization.

Hospitality is an essential universal relationship between a guest and a host. It is embedded in the deepest religious and cultural traditions, such that denying it means denying the foundation of religious life. In Judeo-Christian tradition, the practice is rooted in the encounter between Abraham and the three friends. Nigeria and indeed Africa is a deeply religious society. Every community have different myth that appear in the form of fables, sagas, folktales, and legends which gives an explanation of the past and origin of events. This study surveyed the myths and proverbs of some communities behind their hospitality practice. It examined the relationship between the Judeo-Christian narrative and Nigerian hospitality myths. Information was received through direct and indirect interviews. The study revealed that the practice of welcoming guests has been part of the cultural life of the natives prior to the advent of Christianity. Again, the act of Abraham had significant relationship with the stories of many Nigerian communities. The understanding of this inter-relationship will promote the teaching of the Church in Nigeria and Africa in general.

The law on labor contracts has made an important contribution to the development of labor relations in Vietnam in the direction of the market, gradually contributing to promoting the formation and healthy development of the labor market. The content of the current labor contract law has basically adjusted the movement of the labor market, ensuring the flexibility, freedom, and voluntariness of the parties in the labor relationship. However, the legal provisions on labor contracts in the Labor Code 2019 have not yet solved all the existing problems of the law on labor contracts. Labor relations are increasingly developing and constantly fluctuating, on the other hand, the labor market, as well as the perception of the subjects participating in the labor relations, have also changed a lot. This study focuses on analyzing the legal provisions on the implementation and termination of labor contracts during the period of dangerous epidemics, finding inadequacies, thereby making some recommendations for improvement law in this area.

The present researchers utilized 12 letters from 989th to the last, 1000th letter of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) and translated them on the basis of the meaning of Chinese character. At first glance of this poem in Korean pronunciation, the wife seemed to be deeply unhappy and she seemed to decide to die. So the present researchers felt unhappy with the advance of Maeg husband and Maeg wife. But the researchers started to feel the unconscious meaning. The real meaning of Tcheonzamun was ‘hope’. And the present researchers became to know that Tcheonzamun is not the group of desperate meaning, but the poem of ‘Hope’. The real intention of this poem is to maintain the ‘Whispering Voice of Hope’ on her stupid husband. Because the wife wanted to live with her husband happily. With this happy conclusion, the present researchers became so much bright. And the present researchers developed a hypothesis for the cultural history of Korea. The ancient Koreans wrote the Tcheonzamun(The thousand character essay) instead of Chinese people. Because Tcheonzamun can be translated in Korean pronunciation as well as in Chinese character meaning.

In the meaning of Chinese character, the translation of these 12 letters (977th-988th) of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) is not sincere. While the meaning in Korean pronunciation is terrible. It can be understood as follows; if my husband will not take my demand in Chinese character, I will be the condition as shown in Korean pronunciation. Here, the hope of Maeg, ancient Korean, wife is simple. “Let me talk freely in front of you, my husband!”.

: Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay) was known as the textbook of children in an old Chinese country, Tch’in. The period was about the BC 200. While several researchers insisted that Tcheonzamun was written by ancient Koreans in the period before 2500 years ago. The study on ‘Translation through on Korean pronunciation of 977th-1000th of Tcheonzamun (The thousand character essay)’ was carried out. This time, ‘Translation through on Chinese character meaning of 977th-1000th of Tcheonzamun(The thousand character essay)’ will be done. 977-980. Sog Dae Geung Zang 속대긍장 束帶矜莊. If you want to wear (束) a species of the band indicating your state in the society(帶), you must be proud of(矜) more splendid one if possible(莊). It is right. We surely want to show ourselves to other people in the best costume and in the most well-known kind of condition. We will do it so. It is not an error. 981-984 Bae Hoe Tcheom Zo 배회첨조 徘佪瞻眺. We deleted In (亻) part from both Bae(徘) and Hoe(佪). As a result, Byeol(丿) and Bi(非), another Hoe(回), Tcheom(瞻), Zo(眺) remained on this line of 981st-984th. Now, it will be interpreted for this line with these letters of ((丿 非), 回, 瞻, 眺). By the way, there is more important thing than the appearance or the apparent status. It is some one’s consideration for other person, here, especially the mind of the husband for his wife. You and me, we have been ensemble lived. But sometimes I(the wife) want to leave you(the husband). Do you (my husband) not (非) want that I (your wife) will really (丿) turn from you(回)? If it does so, you, my husband, must see (目) me, your wife countless times (兆; 1,000,000,000,000). You have to be able to look at me truly many times (眺). Can you talk a lot of things (詹) with me, your wife on seeing me(目)? You must be able to regard me in such a manner (瞻). 985-988 Go Lu Gwa Mun 고루과문 孤陋寡聞 If you do not such a thing which was written on the second line (981-984), you will live lonely (孤) without me. And you, yourself, will not do the essential works of family without me, then your house shall become dirty (陋) in the future. When does it occur? If I say to you, you do not voluntarily (寡) accept my parole (聞). It will be done. 989-992 Wu Mong Deung Tcho 우몽등초 愚蒙等誚 Now you are the man of not-cooperated with and of separated from other people (蒙), and then, you will become even to stupid (愚). How does it occur? I, your wife, say to you “My Darling, I want you to change this style!”(誚), you often dislike my saying. You will not be content with my advice to you, and you will not take my parole (等). At that time, it does occur. 993-996 Wi Eo Zo Za 위어조자 謂語助者 My husband! How is it possible that I, your wife, can speak to you freely (語) and talk with you completely (謂)? How does it occur? The time when you know that I can really help (助) you (者) well. My Darling Husband, as your wife I have always aided you, and it is in order to make your affairs to be done well. I am such a woman for you! You do not know it until now! 997-1000 Eon Zae Ho Ya 언재호야 焉哉乎也 How (焉) does this thing which was written on 993-996 of Tcheonzamun occur (哉)? It is the time when you, my husband, will feel and know my mind for you. And then, you can accept my true intention for you from (乎) all of the things in the world (也). I really hope and hope that such a period will come soon.

In this vigor, vivacious and vibrant socio-political change, media has grown into a formidable corporate sector where reporting of common concern of people has been edged out injudiciously. Following craving corporate influence, humanitarian news of greater social significance has been replaced with escalating jingoism and sensationalism. This paper explores how media practices and policies have been diluted from the development communication following more concentration on sensational political stuff than on the developmental news. The study explores the content devoted to political subjects and major issues including health, education, environment, corruption, crime, economy, security, gender justice, defense, terrorism, or foreign policy, etc. during the elections. In a high voltage reporting of the election campaign, the key public issues i.e., health, education, corruption, crime & justice, environment become significant in the light of socio-economic development. The constitutional provision under article 12-35 as regards the right to a decent and dignified life amidst pertaining perils in the current circumstances makes these issues even more critical. Further, the undertaken work outlines the significant role of mass media and factors responsible for shaping the political discourse at the interface of media in public policy by focusing on specific issues while overlooking certain others.

The period from the end of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century was a period of great changes in Vietnamese history. The French colonialists invaded and turned Vietnam into a colonial, semi-feudal society. Vietnamese feudalism and Confucian ideology are increasingly powerless against the demands of the fight against foreign aggression for national independence. In that context, a number of typical thinkers, from Pham Phu Thu, Dang Huy Tru, Nguyen Truong To, Nguyen Lo Trach, etc. to Phan Boi Chau, Phan Chau Trinh, Nguyen An Ninh, etc. have made a move political thought of great historical significance. In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the issue of national independence was the top task of our nation. Therefore, it can be said that although by many different ways to save the country, the thinkers are all aiming for national independence. Such political thinking is essentially correct. In that context, Nguyen An Ninh’s political thought has added a voice to the nation’s sense of independence.

Formal education no doubt is a challenging venture. The daunting challenge therein basically lies in the hands of teachers who are professionally tasked to translate stated educational aims, goals and objectives into worthwhile learning experiences. Teachers therefore are the middle men entrusted with the responsibility to bridge the gap between theory and practice. In the course of practice, teachers tend to develop specific notions or opinions about the issues that affect them. And these go a long way to influence the way they relate to certain if not most educational issues. It is for this reason that the study surveyed teachers’ opinion on topical educational issues in Ignatius Ajuru University of Education among which are; academic achievement analysis, student centered teaching and symptoms of learning disabilities (speaking and reading problems). The surveyed teachers were found to have eclectic view of academic achievement analysis, their views towards student centered teaching is quite dynamic while their notion regarding symptoms of speaking and reading problems most especially in the areas of screening and therapeutic recommendation is myopic and requires improvement.