Introduction: Postoperative peritonitis is a serious complication occurring after abdominal surgery, usually digestive. Like all diseases associated with care, its prognosis is often severe, marked by high morbidity, prolonged stays in intensive care and in hospital, and potentially serious sequelae. Material and Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients operated on in the visceral surgical emergency department with a passage to the visceral surgical emergency department for postoperative peritonitis from January 2021 to November 2022. Results: From January 2021 to November 2022 we operated 1493 patients including 14 postoperative peritonitis, i.e. 0.9%. Among the 14 patients: 4 were women (28.6%) and 10 were men (71.4%) with a sex ratio of 2.5. Occlusions were the dominant pathology. The multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between age, delay before consultation and the occurrence of complications. Conclusion: PPO still have a high mortality but which continues to decrease thanks to an effective medical and surgical management.