Background and purpose: Staphylococcus aureus is a common pathogen of nosocomial infections. Increased infections caused by this bacterium in developing countries have led to many problems. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance of S. aureus isolated from urinary tract infections to some commonly used antibiotics. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 100 S. aureus isolates were collected from patients with urinary tract infections. These isolates were identified using standard laboratory and culture methods in a specific medium. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the strains. Results: Phenotypic evaluation of antibiotic resistance pattern of S. aureus strains showed the highest resistance to antibiotics methicillin and penicillin (91%), erythromycin (86%) and gentamicin (75%) and the highest sensitivity was related to The antibiotics were nitrofurantoin (95%) and vancomycin (86%). Conclusions: The present study showed increased resistance to different antibiotics by S. aureus, which is a serious warning for treatment of S. aureus infections in the area. Therefore, in order to prevent increased resistance to other antibiotics, it is necessary to refrain from unnecessary administration of available antibiotics.

Medicinal herbs have long been used as traditional medicine to treat infectious diseases. The increasing use of synthetic antibiotics today has led to an increase in resistant strains and high side effects. In this regard, every year many researchers from this huge plant source are sending a range of secondary compounds to the consumer market for the treatment of human diseases. Therefore, the identification of herbs with antimicrobial effects can help to produce new drugs with a broad spectrum of effects. This study, based on scientific references, describes information on the antimicrobial effects of rosemary.

Haridra (Curcuma longa Linn, Family- Zingiberaceace) is the dried and ground rhizomes or tuberous underground stems of a perennial plant, used for the management of different diseases in classical texts. It has anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, anti-oxidant, etc. properties, which has been proved by various studies and experiments. In Charak samhita, Haridra is mentioned in Lekhaniya mahakashaya, Kusthagna mahakashaya, mentioned in compound formulations like Mahatiktaka ghrita, Mahakhadira ghrita for Skin disease. In Susruta samhita, it is mentioned under Haridradi, Mustadi, Lakshadi gana, described in ghee (gritha) preparation like Siddharthaka and Pancha gavya; and in the management of Diabetes (pramehas). In Astanga hrdaya, it is mentioned in Haridradi, Mustadi gana, Tikta rasa dravya and as one of the best drug for Diabetes (Prameha). It is hoped, this paper will provide many important information related to Haridra which will help further researchers to search data of Haridra and in the treatment purpose.