Trichomonas vaginalis is a flagellated parasite that causes sexually transmitted infections mainly in women. The disease found with other sexually transmitted infections such as Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis and Herpes simplex virus type II is a sensitive marker of highly sexual behaviour. It causes pelvic inflammatory disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. The parasite, T. vaginalis, causes Trichomoniasis, a disease with significant medical, social and economic implications. The data presented in this report showed that Trichomoniasis caused by T. vaginalis remains the only reported sexually transmitted parasitic disease in Nigeria. The progressive abandoning of condom use relative to discomfort and linked to forgetting the risk of Trichomonas vaginalis and the increase of poverty may partially explain the increase in the annual number of urinogenital trichomoniasis cases in Nigeria. Metronidazole has been the treatment of choice for women for decades, and single dose has been considered the first line of therapy. However, high rate of retest positive are found among T. vaginalis infected person after single dose of Metronidazole treatment. Evidence from the review indicates the need for the concern stakeholders to attempt a holistic approach towards eradicating the disease in our environment.