Abstract: Background and objectives: The present study evaluates the effect of essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis and Populus alba on experimentally cutaneous heat-induced burn injury in rat. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the acute toxicity test was carried out on Wistar rats that received intraperitoneally gradual doses (0.5to 7 ml /Kg) of the both essential oils. Then, Second-degree burn wounds were induced in five groups (N=5 in each). The percentage of wound healing were assessed on 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 days. In the other hand, wound surface was monitored and photographed during the period of treatment. Results and Conclusion: The essential oil of Populus alba and even Rosmarinus officinalis have no acute toxicity in rats. The treated rats with essential oils of Rosmarinus officinalis and Populus alba presented a high level in healing percentage in comparison to the other groups (4.99 ± 2.3, 4.22 ± 0.19, 36.48 ± 1.12, 29.99 ± 0.8 and 84.82 ± 6.41% for the untreated, placebo, Rosmarinus officinalis, Populus alba and Madecassol® group respectively). Moreover, the results of wound surface at the 25 day presented a value of 6.65 ± 0.16, 6.7 ± 0.01, 4.44 ± 0.07, 4.9 ± 0.05 and 1.06 ± 0.44 cm2respectively for the Untreated, Placebo, Rosmarinus officinalis, Populus alba and Madecassol® groups. These essential oils have a marked healing effect during the proliferative phase of wound healing process induced in rats.

Abstract: The study sampled five bottled water consumed in Kano which include Sona, Santana, Aquafina, Eva and Swan bottled water (popularly consumed in eateries, suya spots, garage among others in kano). Analysis was done using standard method and results obtained for the physicochemical and microbial assay was below the guidelines limit of WHO, indicating the suitability of the bottled water analyzed for the aforementioned parameters. Hence, the populist believed bottled water is safe for consumption; thorough monitoring survey is needed to enhance the quality and safety sustenance.

Abstract: This research determined teachers’ awareness on HIV and AIDS and its relationship to their attitude towards working with a colleague living with the said virus and disease. Utilizing descriptive-correlational research design through the survey method, the study was participated by 150 faculty members from selected basic and higher education institutions in the province of Cavite, Philippines. Results reveal that higher HIV and AIDS awareness among the participants results to a more positive attitude towards working with a colleague with HIV and AIDS. The major scope of this study is the teachers’ level of awareness on HIV and AIDS and their attitude towards working with a colleague with HIV and AIDS. Their awareness on other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) were not included in the study. It solely focused on determining how profound the participants’ knowledge on HIV and AIDS is so that an appropriate health promotion program would be developed for them. The results of this study could serve as a basis in planning for a health promotion program essential in instilling among the the teachers the importance of HIV and AIDS awareness in reducing stigma and discrimination in the workplace.

Abstract: Introduction- Primary lung epithelial malignancies are the most common neoplasms among all lung masses. Lung carcinoma is the leading cause of death for which a histological or cytological confirmation and categorization of malignancy is required before treatment. It is desirable to have both FNAC or TBNA and biopsy for exact diagnosis. Sometimes, even immunohistochemistry is required to confirm the diagnosis. Materials and method- Total 110 patients from the chest medicine department, having lung mass in CT scan findings, going for CT guided FNAC or trans bronchial needle aspiration and true cut biopsy or bronchial biopsy in the pathology department, are included in this prospective study. IHCs are done in some cases for exact categorization of the tumour. SPSS software is used for statistical analysis. Result- Out of 110 patients, 80 patients (72.73%) are male and 30 (27.27%) are female and most of them (37.27%) are in 7th decade. Among these, 42 patients (38.18%) are diagnosed to have primary lung adenocarcinoma and 38 patients (34.55%) have primary squamous cell carcinoma of lung and 13 patients (11.82%) have secondary metastatic deposit in lung from different primary malignancies. Sensitivity and specificity of cytology to diagnose primary lung mass are 76.92% and 77.78% respectively and sensitivity of cytology for secondary lung mass is 92.31%. Sensitivity of histopathology for diagnosing primary lung tumour is 92.78%. Cohen’s Kappa shows Kappa is 0.741 i.e. there is a good strength of agreement between the procedures. The P value < 0.0005 indicates that the Kappa co-efficient is statistically significantly different from zero. Conclusion- Most of the lung masses are diagnosed properly by cytological and histopathological examination. But some cases, immunohistochemistry is required to confirm the diagnosis because diagnosis of non- small cell carcinoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma is not helpful for specific therapy.

Abstract: ARC syndrome is a life-threatening autosomal recessive multisystem disorder, caused by mutations in the VPS33B or VIPAR genes and its early diagnosis is of vital importance for the development of an appropriate therapeutic regimen. The cardinal features of ARC syndrome are arthrogryposis, renal tubular acidosis, and neonatal cholestatic jaundice with normal gamma glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) level. To date, the database includes 49 published variants in VPS33B and 14 published variants in VIPAR worldwide. Here we report a new variant in VPS33B gene mutation in a 50 days old Lebanese baby boy featuring cholestatic jaundice, multiple contractions of lower limbs including talipes equinovarus and laboratory findings of renal tubular acidosis.

Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the sensitivity pattern of the isolates against the Tamarindus indica fruit methanolic extracts as well as to detect the mode of action of the extract. Phytoconstituents were obtained from the crude extracts through the process of qualitative mode of screening and antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well diffusion method against the gram negative bacteria. The bioactive ingredients found were mainly; the alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, saponins, phenol, and phytosterols were found in the extracts of methanolic leaves which showed sound activities against the tested organisms; E. coli and Shigella. The package used for the data analysis was (SAS) version 8.0.