High-quality data generated in routine management information systems is crucial for the success of long-term public health programs since inadequate data quality can result in erroneous decisions, leading to wasted time and resources and underperformance of such programs. Data quality is measured in multiple dimensions and there can be important differences in how data are generated and compiled depending on the local context. As data quality is context-dependent, a quality assurance method is needed that fits the local context with adequate validity and reliability. A method and data quality measurement tool were developed using desk reviews, key informant interviews, and a modified Delphi technique. The method was implemented in a case study to measure the data quality at the patient-provider interface of the school dental service in Sri Lanka, giving attention to the diverse characteristics of the data generation process. The method involved an item checklist. The relative importance of item structure was considered during item selection. Weighted averages were calculated to determine the data quality at the patient-provider interface. The proposed method to develop a tool and assess data quality in public health programs could be applied as a guide in similar contexts.

Vitamins are examples of micronutrients, which are nutrients needed in very minute quantities. They're crucial to metabolism and keeping tissues working properly. The purpose of this study was to determine whether vitamin deficiencies are associated with an increased risk of periodontitis. There was a total of 110 participants: 55 with chronic periodontitis spread throughout the mouth and 55 periodontally healthy individuals. Clinical parameters that were assessed included: Clinical attachment loss (in millimetres) and gingival index (in millimetres). Vitamin B12, vitamin D, folate, as well as vitamin E levels in serum samples were measured. Also measured were Beta-carotene and Beta-cryptoxanthin levels. The acquired data was aggregated and analysed using statistical programmes. All periodontal status clinical measures in the periodontitis group were statistically significantly different from those in the healthy volunteers group (p < 0.0001). Vitamin A precursors Beta-carotene and Beta-cryptoxanthin, folate, D, vitamins B12, and E, and vitamin E were all significantly lower in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy volunteers, but the difference was only statistically significant for vitamins B12 as well as D (p < 0.05). Finally, we conclude that serum micronutrient levels, particularly those of Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, and Vitamin D, may be modifiable risk factors for periodontal disease. In addition to practicing good dental hygiene on a regular basis, eating a diet rich in the right kinds of vitamins may play a significant part in warding off periodontitis.