This paper presents the relevance and interplay of health, culture and nursing. It has long been considered that health and culture plays an important role in the practice of nursing. The historical development of health and culture is reviewed with emphasis on nurse scholars and anthropologists who have addressed culture as an area of inquiry. The interplay of health, culture and nursing have broad implications for theory development and in the advancement of nursing science.

Greeks are often stereotyped as being socially disorganized, yet throughout their history have proven to be good at chaos management. The COVID-19 health and social crisis has emphasized the latter with Greece surpassing international expectations. Still, despite major difficulties mostly inflicted by a longstanding austerity, Greece now also needs to help and shield an overwhelming number of migrants and refugees currently residing in camps and elsewhere within the country. Despite the aggressive measures and lockdowns enforced at the beginning of the pandemic, Greek authorities are now moving towards lifting some of these controls. Yet, there is profound concern that there might be a sudden spike in some of the refugee camps, especially in the islands. Healthcare workers and nurses in particular have been portrayed as ‘heroes of the day’. Yet, despite their heavy input and admirable response to tackle the corona virus emergency we still need to devote time to raise awareness of, and provide support for, the complex needs of our migrant populations.

This study aims to analyze the Needs of Community Health Workers (SKM) based on work time and workload at the Uepai Health Center, Konawe District. This type of research uses qualitative and quantitative approaches in which data collection is observed using work sampling methods. This research was conducted at the Puskesmas Uepai Konawe Regency. In this study, the informants in this study were all employees of the Uepai Public Health Center with a public health education background. The informant determination technique used was the inclusion and exclusion criteria so the number of informants in this study was 6 people with a degree in Public Health. In this research, the data analysis used is descriptive analysis. There are two analytical models used, namely interactive model data analysis and descriptive data analysis. The results of research on the amount of work time for community health workers in the Uepai Health Center are 250 days/year or 1450 hours/year. The workload standard is calculated based on the use of direct activity time as the main activity. The number of needs of community health workers in the Uepai Community Health Center based on the results of the WISN method calculation that the number of energy needs is 15 people. From the results of this study, it is suggested that it can be a reference for conducting workload analysis in other units as an evaluation of the availability of human resources owned and carried out periodically in order to get a rational amount of labor needs and monitor productive work activities.

Background: Statistics show that, neonatal mortality (NNM) accounts for approximately 40% of the under-five mortality globally. The risk factors are varied but cut across all nations. The purpose of this study was to empower the expectant adolescent mothers through ‘evidence-based health education’ hence reduce NNM. The study objectives were; to identify, describe and find solutions to the risk factors through health education. Methods: the study was carried out at Busia County Referral Hospital (BCRH), Western Kenya using a cross-sectional interventional design. 226 expectant adolescent mothers attending the antenatal clinic were randomly sampled. Expectant adolescent mothers aged ≤19 years, 26 -34 weeks gestation and residents of Busia County were selected. Mothers with co-morbidities, students and non -Kenyans were excluded. Ethical approvals from KNH/UONREC, BCRH; Director of Health, County Government of Busia were obtained. Data was collected using semi-structured researcher -administered questionnaires. Analysis utilized Epi Data 3.1, STATA version 8.0, Microsoft excel and reported in frequencies and percentages. Intervention: respondents were grouped in 20s of same gestation. A pragmatic approach was used to cushion respondents from making many trips to the hospital. The sessions were conducted by the researcher who after each overview, allowed respondents to share experiences. Results: risk factors identified; lack of knowledge-84.5%, poor infrastructure-83.6%, negligence-81% non-breastfeeding-80.1%, lack of emphasis on neonatal care by the community-77% and prematurity-67.3%. 87% of the respondents applauded the intervention. Discussion: the respondents expressed desire for neonates to be recognized and valued at home. Conclusion: risk factors that contributed to NNM were of duo play, involving respondents and the community. This revealed gaps in information acquisition, awareness and neonatal care practices. Recommendation: there is need for space and age- specific care tailored to adolescent mothers and the need to step -up and intensifies health education strategies.