In the blood plasma of patients with malignant gliomas of the brain by method dynamic light scattering protein complexes with diameter of more than 150 nm were detected, indicating increased permeability of the blood-brain / tumor (BBTB) and blood-brain (BBB) barriers. The results of these studies are taken as the basis for the development of the express method for determining the increased permeability of the BBTB and BBB in neurosurgical patients. The method can be used at a certain stage of chemotherapy for patients with malignant gliomas of the brain, depending on the permeability of the BBTB and BBB.

The studies on ant oxidative effects of bitter leaf and water bitter leaf extracts on edible oils were evaluated during fifteen weeks of storage of refined soybean oil (RSO) and crude groundnut oil (CGO) in a transparent plastic container at room temperature. The bitter leaf and water bitter leaf were obtained, dried, milled, sieved and separately extracted with five different solvents (methanol, water, chloroform, acetone, and ethyl acetate). The water extract of bitter leaf and methanol extract of water bitter leaf were separately added at varying concentrations (200 ppm – 1000 pm) to RSO and CGO stored in transparent plastic containers. Another set of the edible oils which contained no additive (0ppm) and 400 ppm butylatedhydroxytoluene were equally set up for comparison. The refractive index, free fatty acid and acid value of the oil samples were monitored every three weeks using standard methods for a period of fifteen weeks. The solvent extractive value showed that methanol had the highest yield of extract for bitter leaf (8.710%) and water had the highest yield of extract for water bitter leaf (7.315%).The lowest yield of extract was obtained with chloroform for bitter leaf (2.570 %) and water bitter leaf (2.210 %).The result revealed that methanol extracts of water bitter leaf was more effective against hydrolytic rancidity of CGO than RSO while the water extract of bitter leaf was more effective against hydrolytic rancidity of RSO than CGO. The extracts of both plants had little or no effect on the refractive index of the edible oils.

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by tics: repetitive, involuntary movements and vocalizations. These symptoms can have a significant impact on patients’ daily functioning across many domains. Tics tend to be most severe in child and adolescent sufferers, so their presence has the potential to impact a period of life that is both critical for learning and is often associated with the experience of greater social tension and self-consciousness than adulthood. Furthermore, control over tics that lead to physical impairment or self- injurious behaviour is of vital importance in maintaining health and quality of life. There are numerous complicating factors in the prescription of treatment for tics, due to both the side effects associated with alleviating agents and patient characteristics, such as age and comorbid conditions. This review summarizes literature pertaining to the efficacy and safety of both traditionally prescribed and more modern medications. We also discuss the merits of behavioral and surgical techniques and highlight newer emerging treatments. Although treatment response is to some extent variable, there are a number of agents that are clearly useful as first-line treatments for TS. Other interventions may be of most benefit to patients exhibiting refractory tics or more specific symptom profiles.

In this brief paper, we consider the chemistry of the secretions for the sebaceous glands in the skin. We see that acne may be the result of too much secretion caused by diet and hormones, particularity testosterone. There are pharmacology treatments for acne that work well. However, if simply the diet is controlled, eating low cholesterol foods, consuming fewer calories, and avoiding sugar and alcohol, acne can be controlled. Acne is a serious aliment sometimes leading to suicide and adolescence

Aim: Sickle cell home remedy mixture for the relief of symptoms associated with sickle cell disease has been toxicologically investigated and ascertained in the rat model in the previous study. However, this study was designed to ascertain the level of absorption, distribution, bioavailability, metabolism and excretion of the drug which is medically refers to as pharmacokinetic (PK) to ensure its effectiveness and safety. Methods: The structural profiles, metabolites and the in vivo concentration of the mixture in blood plasma and different tissues homogenate (liver, kidney, liver, blood, heart and lung) of rats model collected at different time points after oral and intravenous (IV) administration at a single dose of 200mg/kg body weight were done using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL mass spectrometer (Thermo Electron, Begin China). Results: A 55.3% bioavailability was recorded in both the male and female rats after 30 minutes of oral administration. There was no significant difference (P<0.05) increase in the level of plasma concentration between male and female rats at the same time points of administration. Three distinct metabolites (alkoxide, acetaldehyde and sodium triglycerides) were identified in the rat’s feces and urine 24 h after administration of which the metabolic pathway were mainly hydrolysis and oxidation using cytochrome P450. Regarding the study data, One-way ANOVA was done employing Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 21. Significant differences between male and female experimental rat groups were judged by Waller Duncan test. All data were articulated as mean ± and standard deviation (SD). Conclusion: With the results of this Pharmacokinetic study, sickle cell home remedy mixture dose intervals can be determined and adjusted more accurately for effectiveness and safety of the end users. Moreover, the clinical trial will be used to fully understand in vivo disposition of this mixture and evaluate the mechanism of its biological response.