As the food preservation industry is considered one of the most important food industries in Egypt with relative importance equal to 21.27% of the total cumulative number of establishments and relative importance of 20.37% of the total value of industrial production. It’s essential to understand the consumption patterns for each preserved food category and each population category. This article aims at identifying the consumption patterns of preserved food in the rural and urban areas of Fayoum Governorate and what are the consumers’ attitudes towards it. A survey was designed and data collected by one-on-one interviews with a sample of 200 households, 100 from each area. Data tabulated and analyzed using simple statistical approaches. It’s found that the majority of consumers allocates 15%-30% of their incomes to purchased preserved food. Households including working-women are buying more preserved food. In urban areas, consumers tend to buy more canned and frozen food than those in rural areas. It’s also found that preserved meat, chicken and fish are demanded less than other canned and frozen food. The great majority of consumers in both areas tend to shape their preferences based on taste as a first priority. Other preferences such as packaging and labeling for each food group vary between rural and urban areas.

Health protocols during a pandemic have required that contactless activities be carried out to prevent the spread of the pandemic. In the field of payment transactions, many consumers have started using electronic payments during the COVID-19 outbreak. This study reveals the factors that encourage consumers to want to use electronic payments, namely risk perceptions, usage intentions, perceived benefits, additional features, consumer loyalty, quality services, perceptions of the usefulness of e-wallet electronic payments. This research method uses quantitative methods using Smartpls. Through a questionnaire, this study obtained answers from 200 respondents who answered completely. The results showed that perceived benefits had a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty, perceived benefits had a positive and significant effect on intentions to use e-wallet, technical support had no positive and significant effect on intentions to use e-wallet, additional features had a positive and significant effect on intentions to use e-wallet, additional positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty and intention to use e-wallet payment has a positive and significant effect on consumer loyalty.

Mainly due to the impact of COVID-19 and the reduction of the basic pension insurance contribution rate paid by work unit to 16% in the Comprehensive Scheme for Reducing Social Insurance Contribution Rates, nearly one-third of China’s provinces’ public pension funds have experienced the phenomenon that revenue does not cover expenditure, which makes the sustainable operation of the public pension insurance system face more severe challenges. Moreover, in recent years, some policies issued by the Chinese government have some complex impacts on the sustainability of basic pension insurance. It is urgent to sort out the impacts of these significant policies on China’s public pension insurance funds, which is conducive to summarizing some useful enlightenment from the existing literatures. It can provide the reference for the government to further reform the system and improve the sustainable operation of China’s public pension insurance.

This study examined the relationship between corporate governance and organisational performance in commercial banks in Rivers State, Nigeria. Cross sectional research design was adopted in studying twenty two (22) of these institutions. Our respondents were managerial employees constituting the population of the study. From the field survey, we retrieved and analysed seventy nine (79) copies of questionnaire from the participants; Kendall’s tau_b correlation coefficient statistical tool was used to determine the relationship existing between the variables while the p-value obtained were used to test hypotheses developed for the study, partial correlation was adopted for the multivariate level analysis to ascertain the moderating effect of organisational culture on the relationship between the predictor and criterion variables. Findings revealed the existence of significant relationship between the dimensions of corporate governance namely; board ability and board reputation and the measures of organisational performance given as employee retention and customer retention and that organisational culture significantly moderates the relationship between the variables. It was then concluded that ability and reputation of board members of any given business organisation in our case – commercial banks greatly influence the performance of these institutions. This gave rise to our recommendations for the banks and other business organisations operating in this era of heightened competitiveness; that they should look critically into the ability and reputation credentials to ensure the board can deliver to the organisations that which is expected to keep the firm in a strategic position before her rivals, keep her competitive and sustainable; as any organisation that cannot meet up to these demands will be found wanting and may go extinct in the nearest future.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences and perceptions of Delta State youth on the variables that affect their decision to become entrepreneurs, among other objectives. The basic framework of this study, which was on motivation theory, was to analyse how social media and motivation can boost youth’s participation in entrepreneurship programmes. To draw deductions and conclusions therefore, the research relied on survey research design by using a questionnaire and in-depth oral interview to collect data. This study concluded that the motivation theory has a great role to play in encouraging the youth to embrace various entrepreneurship programmes that are being offered by individuals, government, and organisation. Among the recommendations made are, that private organisations, as well as individual entrepreneurs, should train and empower, at least, one trainee or more every year; that for long-term sustainability, the Delta state government should follow up the various trained entrepreneurs to ensure they are practising what they are trained for, and given starters-pack to commence, and that the Delta state government should also support the trainees by patronising their products.

This paper explored the originality of the management by interest theory as an organizational management theory. The management by interest theory aims to provide strategic insights to understanding the dynamics involved in the operations of interest in executing organizations’ affairs by management. The study engaged a descriptive narrative methodology in exploring the concept of organizational interest, organizational member’s interest, stakeholders’ interest, dominant interest, management role, and postulations of the assumption of the management by interest theory. The study posits that the management by interest theory connotes the default interest that presently defines an organization's protocol of engagement in its present and future activities. In conclusion, the management by interest theory is relevant in explaining and understanding management exploration of interest and the interplay of organizations’ engagement protocol in today’s organizations.

The main objective of this paper is to examine health inequity in Bangladesh based on the Demographic and Health Surveys. It explores several measures of health inequity in selected health indicators. The results are mixed: inequity has declined in some health indicators such as infant mortality and immunization. However, inequity remains pervasive in births assisted by skilled personnel, antenatal care, and births delivered at health facilities.