Introduction: Microbiological studies following the culture of corneal infiltrates are the gold standard for determining the etiology of infectious keratitis caused by bacteria or fungi; however, even if a culture of the corneal ulcer is obtained. Purpose: To investigate the predisposing factors and clinical and Etiology presentations of keratitis caused by mixed infectious agents (bacteria and fungi). Methods: This was a prospective study of cases with mixed bacterial and fungal keratitis, done between July to December 2022 in Department of Ophthalmology, Netraloy Eye Care Center, Thanthania, Bogura Sadar, Bogura, Bangladesh. Sixty (60) cases of mixed bacterial and fungal keratitis were identified. Samples (corneal swabs and scrapings) were collected aseptically from corneal ulcer patients. Isolation and identification of the microbial agents and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were done in the Microbiology and Pathology departments. Results: 38 cases (63.3%) were men, and the mean age was 54.2±9.3 years. The affected people were mostly (50; 83.3%) residing in the rural areas. 34 patients (56.7%) were involved in agricultural activities. The people of 41- 60 years of age were particularly prone to this disease (40; 66.7%). The most common predisposing factor for mixed keratitis was a history of ocular trauma (42; 70%) and 28 patients (46.7%) had a history of trauma with vegetative matter. The incidence of the disease was highest in the monsoon season, between June to September (32; 53.3%). The most common causative bacterial organisms was Staphylococcus aureus (26;43.3%) followed by Pseudomonas secies (10;16.7%) and among fungal organisms was Aspervgillus fumigates (22;36.7%) followed by Fusarium species (12;20%). Conclusion: The identification of the etiology and the predisposing factors of corneal ulcers in this region are important for the prevention and early treatment of the disease. Usually, patients with mixed bacterial and fungal keratitis have poor prognosis. Thus, when the infectious keratitis is running an atypical course or found unresponsive to the initial medical treatment, the possibility of a mixed infection by bacterial and fungal organisms should be considered.

Taxanes are a diverse class of chemotherapeutic agents. Cutaneous toxicity has been reported with taxanes and includes erythema and desquamation, involving primarily the hands. Nail changes are described in different series and case reports, but the real incidence of this side-effect is probably underestimated, literature reports that adverse events occur in up to 89% of patients. The nail changes caused by chemotherapy in cancer patients are difficult to assess and often overlooked by clinicians.

In women, breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer diagnosed; and breast cancer is the most common malignancy to metastasize to skin, comprising 30% of all cases of cutaneous metastases Skin metastases result from skin infiltration due to cell proliferation from the initial tumor; The incidence of cutaneous metastases varies from 0.6 to 10.4% and can occur at any stage in the natural history of the disease. To date, a wide spectrum of cutaneous presentations have been described. We present our experience with the morphological patterns observed in our service during the last year.

According to the best germination percentage and its rate of TriticumAestivum L (Wheat) seeds treated with Amoxicillin 50mg/ml gave the highest germination percentage of 100% and the highest germination rate 0.6, also it gave highest scavenging free radicals of DPPH with a mean percentage of 82.07%. The GC-MAS tests for the control model and wheat plant treated with the antibiotic amoxicillin at concentrations of 25 and 50 mg. It was found that only two materials present in the three models under study: such as Phytol and gamma.-Sitosterol.

Skin wounds are a major disaster in health care due to the more number of traumas and pathological conditions. Natural wound healing involves a well- organized operation, consist of a chain of proceedings like hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling. Five groups of adult female albino mice were used, and the dorsal region was clipped to a length (1 cm) after hair removal by shaving. She was treated with an ointment extracted from the oil extract of the leaves and stems of the astragalus plant at a concentration of (5% - 10%) for 14 days. The groups were treated for 7 days and half of them were dissected, then the rest of the groups were dissected after 14 days with continued treatment twice daily. The most notable results were wound healing and the return of skin tissue to its normal state, especially in the groups treated with the highest concentration of tree leaf oil extract ointment. The results showed that the skin tissues underwent cellular repair, the cell layers appeared in their natural shape, the keratin threads appeared in the form of ribbons and did not peel, and the dermis also contained fibers. Colloids, sebaceous glands and hair follicles.

Calciphylaxis is a progressive, inflammatory disease characterized by the calcification of small and medium-sized arteries, leading to thrombotic ischemia. It is commonly associated with patients with chronic kidney disease; however, it can also manifest in patients without uremia. The incidence in patients undergoing dialysis can vary from 0.04% to 4%; it can affect multiple organs including the skin, brain, lungs, and muscle. Hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia, and hyperglycemia are common biochemical conditions in patients with this disease that induce the transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells into osteoblast-like cells, thus establishing the mechanism for vascular calcification through the formation of ectopic bone within the vessel wall. Additionally, there is a deficiency of calcification inhibitors in patients with chronic kidney disease. These factors promote the hardening and narrowing of affected arterioles, compromising their structural integrity and fostering an environment conducive to thrombosis. Cutaneous calciphylaxis can present as non-healing nodules, plaques, and ulcers. Currently, biopsy and histological analysis are the methods of choice for diagnosis. Treatment is multidisciplinary and includes early surgical debridement, symptom management, and modification of risk factors. We present the case of a female in her fifth decade of life with a history of chronic kidney disease who developed calciphylaxis with cutaneous manifestations requiring surgical treatment.

Background: Cancer patients increasingly seek complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) alongside conventional treatments. Herbals represent a significant component of CAM, with growing interest in their potential anticancer properties. Objective: This review critically examines the role of herbals in cancer management, exploring their mechanisms of action, clinical evidence, potential for synergy with conventional therapies, challenges and perspectives, and patient perspectives. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and other relevant databases. Studies investigating the mechanisms, efficacy, safety, and patient experiences with herbals in cancer management were reviewed. Results: Herbals exhibit diverse mechanisms of action, including anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, and immune-modulatory effects. Clinical evidence suggests promising results for certain herbals, such as curcumin and ginseng, in improving treatment outcomes and reducing side effects. However, safety concerns and the need for standardization and quality control remain challenges. Conclusion: Herbals hold potential as complementary therapies for cancer management, offering a holistic approach that empowers patients and improves their quality of life. Further research is crucial to optimize their integration with conventional therapies, ensure safety, and establish evidence-based guidelines for their clinical use.