Febrile neutropenia consecutive to the administration of chemotherapy constitutes the most serious and the most frequent complication of cytotoxic chemotherapies. It is often a sign of infection, being able to quickly turn in septicemia if no treatment is begun; it thus constitutes an emergency for diagnosis and therapeutics. The objective of this work is to study the epidemiological, clinical, biological, etiologic and evolutionary characteristics of the episodes of febrile neutropenia, to evaluate the importance of the infectious risk and the main involved germs, to identify the difficulties of the management and the follow-up of the children having developed a febrile neutropenia and finally. During our retrospective study concerning the episodes of febrile neutropenias diagnosed in the pediatric oncology unit of the pediatric department of the university hospital of Alger over a period of 04 years (from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2020). 205 patients having solid tumor were collected. Among them 45 cases presented febrile episodes, the average age was 5.75 years with a maximum frequency of them were male, and the main motive for consultation was the fever. The average deadline of occurrence of neutropenia was of 14.6 days. A documentation of the fever is obtained clinically at 20 % of the cases, while in 80 % of the cases, the fever remains unknown origin. The infectious sites found are: a) Skin (6.6%), digestive (4.4%), respiratory (8.8%). b) The average duration of the neutropenia was of 18.8 days. Upon completing this work, we emphasize the need of prompt and appropriate management of the hematological emergency that is febrile neutropenia by an adapted empirical antibiotic therapy after a good bacteriological investigation, without forgetting the importance of prophylaxis based mainly on hygienic mucocutaneous measures and the information/education of parents about the risk of infection and means of prevention.

The current study included the collection of 50 diarrhoea samples from UTIs, ages 25-50 years, 60% female and 40% male patients reviewed to Kirkuk city laboratories, gave 40 positive germ growth samples and 80%, while 10 other samples gave no germ growth. Isolation and diagnosis results showed that E.coli was prevalent on Proteus mirabilis and at 75%, while Proteus mirabilis was at 25% lower. The results of the study showed isolated bacterial sensitivity to a number of antibiotics and the results showed isolated bacterial sensitivity to anti-Ciprofloxacin while bacterial isolates showed the highest resistance to antibiotics. Effective compounds were identified and their concentration in the Riwas plant was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromotography HPLC (containing phenolic, turbine and alkaloid compounds, aquatic and alcoholic extracts were tested at concentrations (25), (50) and (100) and the focus (25) was on the lowest toxins.

Breast cancer is the second most common cancer diagnosed in women. Skin metastases result from infiltration of the skin due to cell proliferation. The incidence of cutaneous metastases varies from 0.6-10.4%. We present a 52-year-old woman diagnosed with infiltrating ductal carcinoma triple-negative, who presented with a localized dermatosis that affects the chest with a erythematous plaque, nodular and ulcerated in appearance, with irregular and well-defined edges. Breast carcinoma can present metastases in skin, recognizing the diversity of clinical presentations in a timely manner, is the key to a timely diagnosis and reducing mortality.

Despite the large land area and substantial population, the volume and impact of biomedical research from Afghanistan is limited compared to other countries due to factors such as ongoing conflict, limited resources, and brain drain. We studied the research output in Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine from Afghanistan from 1996 to 2022, using the Scopus data from the SCImago website. Afghanistan has published 17 papers, out of a total of 9872 papers from eight South Asian countries, with a share of only 0.17%, from 1996 to 2022. Afghanistan is only ranked higher than Bhutan and Maldives among South Asian countries, and its ranking among all the Asian countries is 21. There has not been a significant volume of orthopaedic research arising from Afghanistan. However, orthopaedic issues such as trauma-related injuries, congenital disorders, and musculoskeletal conditions are widely prevalent in Afghanistan. Biomedical research in Afghanistan faces various challenges, including limited funding, inadequate infrastructure, lack of trained personnel, political instability, and security concerns. However, opportunities for improvement exist through investment in infrastructure, training of healthcare workers, and expansion of healthcare coverage. Furthermore, enhanced research funding and collaboration are crucial to boost the research output. Addressing these challenges and seizing these opportunities is essential to ensuring access to quality healthcare for all Afghan citizens. Efforts to strengthen the healthcare system must be sustained and coordinated to achieve lasting improvements in health outcomes across the country.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG), first described by Brocq and named by Brunsting et al., in 1930, is a rare, ulcerating, neutrophilic dermatosis affecting patients any age, with a peak between 40-60 years; diagnosis is based on its clinical morphological features. Approximately 50% of cases are associated with systemic disease. PG is frequently misdiagnosed, leading to a delay in the appropriate medication with corticosteroids.

Biomarkers play an essential role in the management of patients with invasive cancers. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDC) associated with poor prognosis due to advanced presentation and limited therapeutic options. This is further complicated by absence of validated screening and predictive biomarkers for early diagnosis and precision treatments respectively. There is emerging data on biomarkers in pancreatic cancer in past two decades. So far, the CA 19-9 remains the only approved biomarker for diagnosis and response assessment but limited by low sensitivity and specificity. In this article, we aim to review current and future biomarkers that has potential serve as critical tools for early diagnostic, predictive and prognostic indications in pancreatic cancer.

Acute appendicitis in pregnancy is a condition that is challanging to diagnose and treat.The common investigations like full blood count and C.reactive protein are not useful and imaging modalities are restricted to ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging due to the risk of ionizing radiation exposure to the fetus.Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent complications.The surgical treatment is by open or laparoscopic appendectomy.There is a trend towards laparoscopic appendectomy and so we have conducted this review article to look at the diagnosis and treatment of acute appendicitis in pregnancy.

Aquagenic syringeal acrokeratoderma is a rare, acquired and transient type of keratoderma that may occur after a few minutes of exposure to water, usually occurs in adolescents and young female adults and it is characterized by the sudden appearance of translucent papules that converge on the palms and occasionally on the soles, macerated and with accentuation of the finger lines. We present the case of a 36-year-old female, with a history of long evolution of contact dermatitis. She presented a dermatosis characterized by maceration, roughed skin with wrinkling appearance and slight desquamation especially over thenar area after contact with water for a few minutes. After received general skin care, second generation antihistamine drugs, and emollients with 10% urea for a week, she reports improvement of the lesions. Aquagenic acrokeratoderma is a rare disease that can adversely affect the patient's life quality, however the etiology and pathogenesis are not clear; until date, there is no consensus on clinical treatment; for this reason it’s important to identify the cases and report which treatments were effective, and achieve unifying the management of this pathology.