Background: The ancient plant species ginkgo biloba is thought to provide numerous health benefits to all living creatures. This plant is very bioactive and has a wide range of chemical constituents. There are several proven pharmacological and therapeutic benefits of G. biloba. Objective: The objectives of the present study were to produce iron nanoparticles (FeNPs), isolate a natural compound from Ginkgo biloba leaves, and evaluate the antibacterial properties of the resultant nanoparticles (NPs). Materials and Methods: Five extracts of Ginkgo biloba leaves were produced through various methods: cold water extraction, hot water extraction, cold alcoholic extraction, hot alcoholic extraction, and 70% alcoholic extraction. FeNPs biosynthesis occurred by reacting these Ginkgo biloba leaf extracts with iron sulfate Fe2 (SO4)3. Analysis techniques employed included GC/MS, SEM, XRD, and UV-Vis analysis. Results: The iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) utilized in this using scanning electronic microscopy measurement and UV-VIS spectroscopy, which has a characteristic peak at 217nm, it was possible to detect irregular structures with dimensions of no more than 41 nm. AFM was also used in this study to examine the NPs-Fe's size and morphology. The FTIR measurement also revealed the principal iron oxide bands at 685 and 596cm-1, which are caused by Fe-O vibrational stretching. Bioactivity was also carried out against certain bacteria. Conclusions: Antimicrobial activity showed an inhibiting effect on a variety of harmful bacteria. Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida albicans.

The study examined the protective properties of Rauwolfia vomitoria (RV) extract against AlCl3-induced damage to the testicles of male albino rats. The research focused on the impact of RV extract on oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activity. Fifteen male albino rats were randomly assigned to three groups: a Negative control: distilled water and standard feed, a Positive control: AlCl3 (4.3 mg/kg bw) AlCl3 and an Experimental group (4.3 mg/kg bw) and RV (100 mg/kg bw) Treatments were administered daily for 21 days, and biochemical analysis was conducted on testicular tissue and serum samples. Results showed that rats treated with AlCl3 showed significant reductions (p < 0.05) in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione S-transferase (GST), and an elevation (p < 0.05) in lipid peroxidation (LPO) compared to the negative control. However, rats treated with both AlCl3 and RV showed significant enhancements (p < 0.05) in these activities and a reduction (p < 0.05) in LPO. The findings suggest that RV extracts could be a potential therapeutic option for treating reproductive harm caused by exposure to metals. Further research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and clinical uses of RV extracts.