This study examines on the adoption and intensity of soybean production technology in the Kondala district. A two-stage sampling procedure was followed to select the sample households for the study. The study is based on primary data collected from 185 sample-selected households. Four rural kebeles were selected by using simple random sampling. The semi-structured interview schedule was developed, for collecting the essential quantitative data for the study and secondary data were used as additional data sources. Descriptive statistics and the Tobit model were used to analyse the data. This study also identifies soybean production technologies such as recommended seeding rate, recommended fertilizer applications, land allocation. The result of the descriptive statistics showed that the majority of farmers 57.3% were adopters and the remaining 42.7% were non adopters. In terms of land allocation and use of technologies there was a statistical significance difference in technology usage between adopters and non-adopters. The Tobit model results indicated that household ages, education level, farm experience, membership in cooperatives, access to agricultural inputs, participation in non-farm activities, and frequency of extension contact positively and significantly influenced the adoption and intensity of the use of soybean technologies. Whereas, distance from the market centre showed, a negative relationship with the adoption and intensity of adoption of soybeans production technology. The overall finding of the study underlined the high importance of institutional support in the areas of extension; membership in cooperatives and market to enhance the adoption of an improved soybean production package. Therefore, policy and development interventions should give emphasis to the improvement of such institutional support so as to achieve wider adoption which increases the productivity and income of smallholder farmers.

The study was conducted at the University of Southern Mindanao Agricultural Research Center (USMARC), Kabacan, Cotabato Philippines from November 2018 to March 2019 employing a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) layout and analysis. Nine media treatments replicated three times with ten samples each treatment were considered for statistical analysis. The result of the study revealed that the germination of magnolia jackfruit is unaffected by the different growing media. A 100% germination was revealed in all treatment used. In terms of plant height and diameter, vermicompost performed better compared to all other treatments. On the number of leaves, its ordinary garden soil that gave higher count. The graftability percentage success using conventional method reported that vermicompost and combination of ordinary garden soil (OGS), compost soil (CS), find sand (FS), vermicompost (VS), and vermicast (V) showed significant influence on the grafting success of the magnolia jackfruit stocks. This findings concluded that success of conventional grafting methods is dependent on the growing media.

Background: Manufacturing processed cheese has many advantages compared to natural cheese because the cost of refrigeration is lower during storage and transportation, and maintaining improved quality with minimal changes in the characteristics of the cheese during storage. It is possible to produce cheese with different intensity in flavor, functionality, and characteristics for different applications. Methods: This study was carried out in the laboratories of the College of Food Sciences, department of dairy science and technology at Al-Qasim green university, where full-fat cheddar cheese was mixed with full-fat soft cheese and used in the manufacture of cooked cheese treated with positive control + C, as well as mixing full-fat cheddar cheese with low-fat soft cheese to manufacture low-fat processed cheese, the negative control treatment was treated C-. Full-fat cheddar cheese was mixed with soft, low-fat cheese, with the addition of chickpea proteins as a fat replacers, with addition rates of 1.5, 3, and 4.5%, represented by treatments T3, T2, and T1, respectively. Results: The chemical tests included estimating the percentage of moisture, protein, fat, ash, carbohydrates, and total acidity, in addition to estimating the pH, while the rheological tests included hardness, adhesion, and springiness. A sensory evaluation of processed cheese parameters was also conducted. The results showed that the replacement treatments were characterized by a lower moisture content and protein percentage than the negative control treatment and close to the positive control treatment. The percentages of carbohydrates, ash, and acidity also increased in the replacement treatments, but the percentage of fats and pH decreased.