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SAR Journal of Medical Biochemistry
Volume-6 | Issue-06
Original Research Article
An In-Depth Analysis of the Lipid Lowering Effects of Saponin Extracts from Ziziphus Sapina Christi Leaves on Hyperlipidemic Rats
Raoof Jabbar Maaroof
Published : Dec. 19, 2025
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjmb.2025.v06i06.002
Abstract
Background: Medicine plants, have become one of the most used and most important resources for treating high blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases. Their usage has increased tremendously in the contemporary period due to many factors as economic viability, easy accessibility, rapid effect, and last but not least minimal, side effects. Aim: This study aimed to access the effect of Saponin extract from Ziziphus Sapina Christi on hyperlipidemic male rats. Methods: In this study, thirty-six sexually mature male rats were used and divided into different groups: the C1 group was fed with normal feed containing1.5% fat; the C2 group was fed with normal feed containing no fat and infused with 50 mg/kg saponin extract; the C3 group was fed with normal feed containing no fat and infused with 100 mg/kg saponin extract; C4 group was fed with normal feed that contains 1.5% fat and 50 mg/kg saponin extract, the C5 group was given normal feed that contains 1.5% fat and 100 mg/kg saponin extract. The C6 group was assigned as a control group that was receiving which received a typical forage without fats. Collection of blood samples were done after four weeks and eight weeks, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the C1 group exhibited a significant increase in the means of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), and a significant decrease in the level of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) as compared to the control and other groups. Results: the study results show a significant decrease in Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and LDL, with a significant rise in HDL in groups C2 to C5 as compared to the control and C1 groups; and these values decreased progressively with increasing dose duration, the more decrease being at the end of the dose period of eight weeks and the least being seen at the end of the dose period of four weeks. However, the study results indicated that the dose of 100 mg/kg of saponin extract for eight weeks was more effective at reducing the above parameters. Conclusions: This study reveals that saponin extracts from leaves of ziziphus sapina christi, indicated reduction of lipid profile in hyperlipidemic rats and the concentration of extract used and dosing duration exerted a greater influence in the reduction of the above conditions in fat-diet-fed rats.

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