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South Asian Research Journal of Biology and Applied Biosciences (SARJBAB)
Volume-8 | Issue-02
Original Research Article
Estimation of Telomerase Enzyme Levels among Drug Users in Kirkuk City: A Cross-Sectional Study
Raghda W. Khalid, R. A. Hussein, Sabreen Yahya Ghaeeb
Published : March 23, 2026
DOI : https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjbab.2026.v08i02.008
Abstract
Background: Drug abuse is a chronic brain disorder affecting the dopaminergic system, characterized by a recurring cycle of intoxication and addiction. This study aimed to evaluate telomerase enzyme levels in drug users and their relationship to various demographic and health factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Drug and Psychotropic Substance Addiction Treatment Center in Kirkuk (Ministry of Interior). The study included 25 drug users of varying ages and backgrounds, all with pre-existing chronic conditions (diabetes, hypertension, and cancer), as well as 10 healthy individuals as a control group. .Blood samples were collected in yellow top blood tubes, centrifuged, and stored at -20°C. Telomerase enzyme levels were measured using ELISA. Results: 1- Socio-Demographic Characteristics. Type of Drug Used:- Our study results indicated that the majority of the sample (92%) used crystal meth, while the remaining percentages were distributed between marijuana and Lyrica to a lesser extent. Here, we note that the type of drug was not statistically significant in the distribution (p = 0.412). Marital and Method: Half of the sample (48%) was married, followed by single individuals (32%). Regarding place of residence, 80% of the participants lived in the city center, with limited geographical distribution in other governorates such as Baghdad, Duhok, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah. 2- Associated Diseases of Addicts: The study revealed that the largest percentage of drug users suffered from hypertension (80%) among the sample, followed by diabetes. Statistically significant correlations (p = 0.032) were found regarding the distribution of these diseases among the sample, indicating that hypertension was the predominant characteristic in this group. Telomerase Enzyme Levels: When measuring telomerase enzyme levels, it was observed that diabetic patients had the highest average telomerase level (0.056531), while those with hypertension had an average level of 0.055248. The average enzyme level in healthy individuals was 0.054555. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates a significant correlation between crystal meth use and hypertension in most participants. Telomerase enzyme levels showed slight variations based on the type of pre-existing condition, with those with diabetes and hypertension exhibiting higher levels compared to healthy individuals in the study.

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