Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important legume crop in Nigeria, valued for its oil, protein, and economic benefits. Pod length is a key determinant of seed yield and yield components, yet limited studies have explored its effects in Jalingo, Taraba State. This study evaluated the influence of pod length variation on seed yield and yield components (number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and 100-seed weight) in groundnut at the College of Agriculture, Science and Technology, Jalingo. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used with three replications. Data were collected on pod length, seed yield, and yield components, and analyzed using ANOVA and correlation. Results revealed significant variability in pod length, with longer pods contributing to higher seed yield due to increased seed number and size. The findings suggest that selecting for longer pod length could enhance groundnut productivity in Jalingo.