Infertility is a global health concern, with growing evidence suggesting that environmental and toxic chemicals contribute significantly to its prevalence. Propoxur, a widely used pesticide for controlling mosquitoes, insects, and pests, has been implicated in gonadotoxicity, primarily through oxidative stress mechanisms affecting male reproductive organs. This study investigates the protective effect of alpha-tocopherol on propoxur-induced gonadotoxicity in male Wistar rats, focusing on biochemical markers, hormonal levels, and histological alterations in the testes. Twenty adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned into four groups (n=5 per group): Control (Group I), Propoxur-treated (Group II), Alpha-tocopherol-treated (Group III), and Propoxur plus Alpha-tocopherol-treated (Group IV). Biochemical assays, oxidative stress markers—including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reactive oxygen species (ROS)—and histological analyses were conducted. Propoxur administration resulted in a significant increase in MDA and ROS levels (P<0.05), alongside a significant reduction in SOD activity (P<0.05), indicating oxidative stress-induced damage. Histological examination of testes from the propoxur-treated group revealed pronounced disruption of the seminiferous tubules. In contrast, co-administration of alpha-tocopherol significantly attenuated these alterations, as evidenced by restored antioxidant enzyme activity, reduced lipid peroxidation, and preserved testicular architecture. Alpha-tocopherol demonstrates a protective effect against propoxur-induced gonadotoxicity by mitigating oxidative stress and reversing histological damage to the seminiferous tubules. These findings suggest its potential therapeutic role in protecting male reproductive health against environmental toxicants.