Exporting companies survive in an increasingly volatile and unpredictable environment, characterized by technological development and acute competition linked to the globalization of economic activities. Exporting has a positive impact on the trade balance of countries, especially in times of crisis, on the level of employment and on the improvement of the standard of living in general. The challenges faced by exporting companies and the actions they need to take in order to be more successful must be systematically addressed. The authors of this article have highlighted the key factors that can help companies to be more competitive and successful in exporting, based on theoretical approaches carried out in this field. The MICMAC method was used to identify the determining factors that can influence the performance of companies in exporting. The variables used in this research were identified based on the review of existing literature. 21 variables were collected and classified into 7themes. The results of the structural analysis were prioritized by performing a sensitivity analysis to prioritize the key factors. It was found that three factors condition the export performance of firms: strategic factors, management profile, commitment and international experience were found to be related to the export performance of the firm. The results of this research were used to develop recommendations for business leaders, practitioners and policy makers. The authors hope that this advice would help Tunisian firms' export performance in the future.

The Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship on participation in decision making, implementation and benefit with women economic empowerment, psychological empowerment and social empowerment in tourism industry in Zanzibar. Design/methodology/approach: The study was survey, and multistage cluster sampling techniques were employed. The data was collected from 387 respondents using structured questionnaire from nine different wards of Zanzibar. The size and direction of the path coefficients was examined through PLS-SEM Algorithm and the significances of the relationship was examined through PLS-SEM bootstrapping procedure in the Smart-PLS 3.2. Findings: The results indicated that, there is direct relationship between participation in decision making with Economic Empowerment and Social Empowerment. Participation in benefit has significant relationship with Economic Empowerment and Psychological Empowerment. While participation in Implementation has no significant relationship with Economic Empowerment, psychological and social empowerment. Research limitations/implications: In theoretical perspective, the current study used only three dimensions among four dimensions developed from the Cohen and Uphoff participation theory and further tested on female gender only. Practical implication: The study contributes to the limited understanding on how women in Zanzibar community are reactive to various factors including standard of living, social wellbeing and self-confidence or self-employed. Originality/value: The quantitative consolidation of participation dimensions and examining their influence on women empowerment in tourism sector adds knowledge in the body of literature of community development as its rarely contested by the scholars.