Abstract: During routine dissection of a male cadaver in the anatomy unit, AIMST University, Malaysia, a solid mass was observed in the lower right and left lumbar region. Further fine dissection mass it was found to be a horseshoe shaped kidney. The both kidneys were found to be fused at the lower end by isthmus. The right kidney and left kidney are supplied by right and left renal arteries. Further, noticed that the accessory arteries arising from abdominal aorta and supplying to both kidney. The both lower poles of kidney connecting isthmus were supplied by a different artery taking origin from abdominal aorta. Ureters ran downwards anterior to isthmus. The inferior mesenteric artery ran over the mass of tissue joining the lower poles of two kidneys. The congenital malformation can be asymptomatic or can predispose the patient to ureteric obstruction, infection, hydronephrosis, malignancies and posing technical difficulties during renal surgeries, endovascular procedures, renal transplants.

Abstract: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) can frequently coexist with other autoimmune diseases (AID). The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and type of associated autoimmune diseases in a series of PBC. Methods: The medical data of 42 PBC patients were evaluated for associated autoimmune diseases. Results: In the study population, 26 (65%) patients had autoimmune diseases associated, including Autoimmune hepatitis 35.7%, dysthyroidism 12%, Gougerot-Sjogren syndrome 9.5%, rheumatoid arthritis 9.5%, scleroderma 2.3%, Raynaud's phenomenon 2.3%. Conclusion: A large number of autoimmune diseases were associated with PBC patients. Screening for these diseases must be systematic during PBC in order to deal with them early.

Abstract: Neurodegenerative diseases are ailments that disturb the brain, precisely the neurons. The utmost mutual indicators include failures in stability, inhalation, movement, reflexes, motor skills or heartbeat activity. These can be prevented using ordinary antioxidants, like vitamins E and C, flavonoids, and polyphenols compounds. Antioxidants show a substantial effect in human’s health since they can ameliorate aging by fighting free radicals. Precisely Vitamin C can serve as a commanding antioxidant in reducing the consequence of oxidative injury triggered by pollutants, anxiety and poor diets amongst others. Hence it reduces the long-term risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Currently, neurodegenerative diseases have no cure, but they can be managed. This diseases management reduces the symptoms so as to sustain the value of life. Management with natural antioxidants such as polyphenols through diet or dietary supplements with lots of benefits have become an attractive alternative. The present knowledge on antioxidant in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders and future bearings will be discussed and also assess the value for antioxidants as neuroprotective.

Abstract: Genital tuberculosis is rare. The lack of clinical specificity makes the diagnosis difficult and often late. We report the case of a 25-year-old woman consulting for diffuse abdominal pain, abdominal distension, primary infertility and secondary amenorrhea. The diagnosis was made by pathological examination of a biopsy of the peritoneum and omentum revealing epithelioid-gigantocellular granulomas with caseous necrosis pathognomonic of tuberculosis. Tuberculosis should be mentioned and looked for in any woman with secondary amenorrhea, but above all, it should be included in the infertility assessment, particularly in countries where tuberculosis is still endemic.

Abstract: Infective endocarditis, characterized by microbial infection of the endothelial surface of the heart, can have numerous symptoms and signs. Typically they include fever, chills, a new or changing heart murmur, and bacteremia. Infective endocarditis can appear in an atypical manner and pose a diagnostic challenge. In such cases, initial signs and symptoms might be those from a complication. Purpura is a rare occurrence in the course of bacterial endocarditis but may be a prominent sign of this disease. This report concerns a patient with streptococcal infection of the mitral valve, who presented with such striking purpura that the possibility of a primary coagulation disorder was seriously considered before the diagnosis of bacterial endocarditis was established.